Wallace_Subjunctive

Question 1

What does the subjunctive represent?

Answer 1

the verbal action (or state) as uncertain but probably (mood of probability; but sometimes it does entail certainty)

Question 2

What is the hortatory subjunctive? And what is the syntactical clue? And how should it be translated?

Answer 2

1. used to exhort or command oneself and one’s associates
2. The verb will be a first person plural
3. “let us” or “we must”

Question 3

What is a subjunctive in a conditional sentence?

Answer 3

1. the subjunctive will be the protasis of 3rd and 5th class conditional sentences when it is preceded by ἐάν

Question 4

What are the semantic aspects of the 3rd class conditional sentences?

Answer 4

1. what is likely to occur in the future,
2. what can possibly occur,
3. or what is hypothetical and will not occur

Question 5

What are the four common uses of the ἳνα + subjunctive

Answer 5

1. purpose
2. purpose-result
3. substantival
4. complementary
   (epexegetical, result, command and also uses but not common)

Question 6

out of the five common uses of the ἳνα + subjunctive, what one is most frequent?

Answer 6

1. purpose

Question 7

What is a subjunctive in indefinite relative clause? What words is it used with? And how should it be translated?

Answer 7

1. frequently used after ὃστις, ἂν, ἐάν, ὃς (δ’) ἂν
2. usually indicates a generic or uncertain subject
3. translate as an indicative
   (roughly equivalent to 3rd or 5th class conditional; the contingency is not of time but person)

Question 8

What is a subjunctive in indefinite temporal clause?

Answer 8

indicates a future contingency from the perspective of the time of the main verb (μακαριοι ἐστε ὃταν ὀνειδισωσιν ὑμας “blessed are you whenever they revile you”)

Question 9

With what words is a subjunctive in indefinite temporal clause usually used with?

Answer 9

1. frequently used after temporal adverb (or improper preposition) meaning until (ἓως, ἂχρι, μεχρι)
2. or after temporal conjunction ὃταν with the meaning whenever