2 Types of Consistency
Cross-Situational Consistency
Temporal Consistency
Problems with Consistency
Temporal Consistency is often mislabeled as cross-situation consistency
Cognitive Person Variables
Refers to qualities that influence how you process information about the environment and react to the environment
5 Cognitive Person Variables
- Compentencies
- Encoding Strategies and Personal Constructs
- Expectancies
- Subjective Stimulus Values
- Self-Regulatory Systems and Plans
Competencies
=What a person knows and what a person can do (active process)
1. Declarative Knowledge
2. Procedural Knowledge
Context Specificity
Context Specificty
Some compentencies are relative to some situations but irrelevant to others
ex: great study skills, doesn’t help you get a date
Encoding Strategies and Personal Constructs
How we see things
-encoding strategies can be changed: inconsistent behavior
Expectancies
=what we think will happen
- 3 kinds of Expectancies
1. Stimulus-Outcome
2. Behavior-Outcome
3. Self-efficacy
Stimulus-Outcome Expectancy
- expectation of how events will develop in the world
ex: hear siren, should be followed by emergency vehicle
Behavior-Outcome Expectancy
=expectation about what will happen if you behave in a particular way
ex: link btwn actions and consequences
Self-Efficacy Expectancy
=belief that you can perform a particular behavior
ex: believing that you will do well on exam, that will then help you on the exam
Subjective Stimulus Values
=preferences you have for certain objects or outcomes compared to others
ex: what is worth having or doing?
Self-Regulatory systems and plans
Refers to our need to make plans, set goals
Delay of Gratification Experimental Conditions
- Both immediate and delayed rewards were visible
- Neither reward was visible
- Only immediate reward was visible
- Only delayed reward was visible
Results of DGE
Kids waited the longest when no rewards were visible, used self-distraction to wait longer
Strategies for delayed gratification
Visibility, Distraction, Hot vs Cool Thinking (the desirability of something)
