Waves Physics Flashcards

(50 cards)

1
Q

What’s the amplitude of a wave mean

A

Maximum displacement of a point on a wave away from its undisturbed position

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2
Q

What’s the wavelength of a wave mean

A

The distance from a point on one wave to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave

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3
Q

What’s the frequency of a wave mean

A

The number of waves passing a point each second

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4
Q

What’s the wave speed mean

A

The speed at which energy is transferred through the medium

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5
Q

Waves can be “blank” or “blank” or “blank” at the boundary between two different materials

A

Transmitted or absorbed or reflected

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6
Q

In transverse waves are the oscillations parallel or perpendicular

A

Perpendicular

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7
Q

In longitudinal waves are the oscillations parallel or perpendicular

A

Parallel

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8
Q

What’s the normal hearing of a human

A

20 Hz to 20 kHz

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9
Q

What happens within the ear?

A

Sound waves cause the ear drum and other particles to vibrate causing the sensation of sounn

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10
Q

What are electromagnetic waves

A

Transverse waves that transfer energy from the source of the waves to an absorber

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11
Q

How are electromagnetic waves grouped

A

Wave length and frequency

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12
Q

What are the groups of electromagnetic waves?

A

Radio, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays , gamma rays

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13
Q

What is refraction of light waves?

A

Waves change direction as they pass from 1 medium to another

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14
Q

When a wave travels into a more dense medium, the wave speed decreases. The frequency of the wave does what

A

Stays the same

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15
Q

When a wave travels into a more dense medium, the wave speed decreases. The wavelength of the waves does what

A

Decreases

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16
Q

Whehn does specular reflection happen

A

When the boundary is flat and it forms a clear image. Normals are all in the same direction

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17
Q

When does diffuse scattered happen ?

A

When the boundary is bumpy and doesn’t form a clear image. Normals go in all different directions

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18
Q

Which types of electromagnetic waves are used in communication ?

A

Micro waves and radio waves

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19
Q

Which types of electromagnetic waves are ionising?

A

X rays and gamma rays

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20
Q

What’s an oscilloscope used for

A

To see frequency of alternating current

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21
Q

What’s a receiver used for

A

Absorbs the energy and generates anther alternating current

22
Q

What are the three types of radio waves

A

Long waves, short waves and very short waves

23
Q

How do long waves travel

A

Diffract around the curved surface of the earth

24
Q

How do short waves travel

A

Reflect from the ionosphere

25
What is the ionosphere
Electrically charged layer of earths upper atmosphere
26
How do very short waves travel
Must travel directly from transmitter to receiver
27
How do microwaves that aren’t absorbed by water work
Pass through the atmosphere , received at satellite and transmitted to a satellite dish
28
How can gamma rays originate
Changes in the nucleus of an atom
29
Changes in atoms and the nuclei of atoms results in what ?
Electromagnetic waves being generated or absorbed over a wide frequency range
30
What is radiation dose
A measure of the risk of harm resulting from an exposure of the body to the radiation
31
What is radiation dose measured in
Sieverts
32
1 Sv = how many mSv
1000
33
Ultra violet waves can cause what
Skin to age prematurely and increased risk of skin cancer
34
X rays and gamma rays can cause what
The mutation of genes and cancer
35
Uses of radio waves
Television and radio
36
Uses of microwaves
Satellite communications and cooking food
37
Infrared uses
Electrical heaters, cooking food, infrared cameras
38
Visible light uses
Fibre optic communications
39
Ultra violet uses
Energy efficient lamps, sun tanning
40
X rays and gamma rays uses
Medical imaging and treatments
41
How does a lens form an image
Refracts light
42
What’s a perfect black body
An object that absorbs all of the radiation incident on it
43
What does the intensity and wavelength distribution on a black body depend on?
Temperature
44
What does the temperature of the Earth depend on?
Rate of absorption and emission of radiation and reflection of radiation into space
45
When does the temperature of a body increase?
When it’s absorbing radiation faster than it’s emitting radiation
46
Are P-Waves longitudinal or transverse
Longitudinal
47
What can P-Waves travel through?
Solids and liquids
48
Are S-Waves transfer or longitudinal
Longitudinal
49
What can s-waves travel through
Solid
50
What does refraction happen
The wave changes speed in mediums of different densities