Ventilation
Mov’t of air through the pulmonary airways
Perfusion
Mov’t of blood through the pulmonary circulation
Diffusion
Exchange of O2 and CO2 at capillary membrane
Oxygenation
- providing cells with 02
- need all 3; ventilation, perfusion, and diffusion to have oxygenation
Explain the Ventilation- perfusion ratio
- 1:1 ratio
- ratio of the amt of air reaching the alveoli to the amt of vlood reaching the alveoli
- balanced, creating the best oxygenation
Describe what type of ventilation perfusion mismatch is occurring in Pneumonia and WHY
- Perfusion w/o ventilation
- blood goes to parts of the lungs that do NOT have O2 to give
- alveoli gunked up, air isn’t moving well
Describe what type of ventilation perfusion mismatch is occurring in Pulmonary Embolism and WHY
- Ventilation w/o perfusion
- blood does NOT go to parts of the lungs that have oxygen to give
- obstruction in blood, forming clots
Hemoptysis
production of sputum that contains blood
Atelectasis
collapse of alveoli resulting in reduced gas exchange
orthopnea
dyspnea when lying flat; heart failure
Hypoxemia
low oxygen levels in the blood
hypercapnia
high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood
hypoxia
low levels of oxygen in the body tiisue
What is the body’s main ventilatory stimulus
hypercapnia
- too much CO2, need to breathe faster/ more
T or F; can’t have a PE without a DVT first
TRUE
