Week 1

Question 1

.ai

Answer 1

*Illustrator native format
*Vector
*working / master file
*generally small files

Question 2

.eps

Answer 2

*Encapsulated Post Script
*working / master file
*More accessible in other
programs.
*generally very large files

Question 3

.psd

Answer 3

*Photoshop native format
*working / master file
*generally very large files

Question 4

.jpg/.jpeg

Answer 4

*widely used for sharing and
viewing digital photos

*not high quality / compresses
*reduces file size
*convenient

Question 5

.gif

Answer 5

*great for web ‘graphics’ and
large areas of solid colour

*limits the colours used

*supports basic animation

*supports transparency

Question 6

.png

Answer 6

*very large colour spectrum

*lossless, no image quality loss

*not widely supported

*small file size

*doesn’t support animation

*supports transparency

Question 7

.tiff

Answer 7

*similar to .psd and can work as
a master file
*lossless, no loss of quality
*can be large file
*Was standard for commercial
printing

Question 8

.pdf

Answer 8

*similar to .psd and can work as
a master file

*lossless or compressed

*can be large file or small

*widely shared and viewed

*becoming popular for print

Question 9

Primary Colours

Answer 9

In paint pigments, pure Yellow, pure Red, and pure Blue are the only hues that can’t be created by mixing any other colors together.

Question 10

Secondary Colours

Answer 10

A secondary color is a color made by mixing two or more primary colors in a given color space.

Question 11

Tertiary Colours

Answer 11

The tertiary colors are red–orange, red–violet, yellow–orange, yellow–green, blue–violet and blue–green.

Question 12

Complementary

Answer 12

-opposite each other
-high contrast / vibrant combo
-can be quite jarring if not used properly

Question 13

Analogous

Answer 13

-next to each other on the colour wheel .
-match well, comfortable aesthetic
-pleasing to the eye

Question 14

Split Complement

Answer 14

-variation of complementary and analogous
-base colour and analogous to the complement

Question 15

Triadic

Answer 15

-evenly spaced around the wheel
-vibrant even if you are using pale versions of the hues

Question 16

CMYK colour system

Answer 16

■CMYK refers to the four inks
used in color printing:
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow,
and Key (Black).

■Used primarily for print output

Question 17

RGB colour system

Answer 17

■An additive color model in which
red, green, and blue light is added
together to reproduce an array
of colours.

■Used for the display of images
in electronic systems, such as
televisions and computers.

Question 18

Hex colours

Answer 18

■Hexadecimal colour codes are
used in designing web pages.
Hexadecimal colour begin with
a hash (#).

Question 19

Spot colours

Answer 19

■Colour matching systems developed
for print, but also widely accepted
for spec’ing colours for an assortment
of applications.

■Pantone is the dominant system used
in North America and Europe.

■Toyo and DIC are used in Japan.

Question 20

Colour in context

Answer 20

■Red more brilliant against black

■Appears duller against white

■Against orange, the red appears lifeless

■With blue-green, it exhibits brilliance

Question 21

Hue

Answer 21

is color (blue, green, red, etc.).

Question 22

■Chroma

Answer 22

is the purity of a color (a high chroma has no
added black, white or gray).

Question 23

■Saturation

Answer 23

refers to how strong or weak a color is (high
saturation being strong).

Question 24

■Value

Answer 24

refers to how light or dark a color is (light having a
high value).

Question 25

■Tones

Answer 25

are created by adding gray to a color, making it duller than the original.

Question 26

■Shades

Answer 26

are created by adding black to a color, making it darker than the original.

Question 27

■Tints

Answer 27

are created by adding white to a color, making it lighter than the original.

Question 28

BALANCE

Answer 28

* Distribution of visual weight in a composition * Value of a colour * Line thickness * Size differences * Spacing

Question 29

EMPHASIS * Focal Points

Answer 29

* Where eye is attracted to * Attention grabbing * Sometimes compromises even visual flow through a composition

Question 30

MOVEMENT Impression of Action

Answer 30

Impression of Action * Can utilize and activate focal points * Can be slow, fast, even, or varied * Creates dynamism

Question 31

REPETITION

Answer 31

* Pattern * Form, shape, colour is repeated through a composition * Can be culturally specific * Can contribute to Rhythm * Rhythm is it’s own principle

Question 32

VARIETY

Answer 32

* Use of various visual elements * Creates complexity, intensity, and contrast * Variety is often linked to Balance * Can contribute to Unity * Unity is it’s own principle

Question 33

Vector- what file type

Answer 33

eps, svg, ai and pdf.

Question 34

Raster- what file type

Answer 34

jpg/jpeg, psd, png, tiff, bmp and gif.

Question 35

Raster- Pros of Raster Image Files

Answer 35

- Rich Detail - Precise Editing - Can use photos

Question 36

Raster-Cons of Raster Image Files

Answer 36

- Blurry When Enlarged - Loss of detail when shrunk too much - Large files sizes (Storage/RAM problems)

Question 37

Vector-Pros of Vector Image Files

Answer 37

- Infinitely Scalable - Smaller File Sizes

Question 38

Vector-Cons of Vector Image Files

Answer 38

- Limited details - Limited effects

Question 39

*PPI

Answer 39

is Pixels per Inch *For printing: 300 ppi or more *Printed colours are more limited to screen-based colour *Avoid exporting images destined for print at 72 ppi. *72 ppi images typically results in lower quality prints (smaller size prints can be okay at times, depends). *RAW photography especially allows for these higher ppi settings

Question 40

*Quality of Printers

Answer 40

*Not all printers are equal. Cheaper printers do not print in sharp detail. *Ask to see test prints to assess quality. Look at hard edges; soft or not?

Question 41

*Large Format Printers

Answer 41

*Cut with a heavy ruler and exacto knife for best control over edge

Question 42

*Gloss

Answer 42

*Very shiny and reflective; typically cheapest; can look tacky. Finger prints and accidental scratching are an issue if not careful

Question 43

*Satin

Answer 43

*Less shiny, but still reflective. Tends to be a bit more expensive

Question 44

*Matte

Answer 44

*No shine, flat; absorbs darks more. Tends to be cheaper. Less issue with finger prints, but can get stained if you have grease on hands

Question 45

*Thick Cardstock

Answer 45

(85-120lbs+) *Does not typically come in large format; thicker weighted paper *8.5x11” to 12x18” typically for printers

Question 46

*Fine Art Paper/Cold Press/Sommerset/etc (Textured papers)

Answer 46

*Goes by many names; resembles screen printing/water colour paper; it is textured. Tends to be proportionally more expensive. But looks great. Tends to be heavier paper

Question 47

*Canvas

Answer 47

*Literally printing onto canvas material. This can be straight canvas or sometimes a sticky canvas that can go straight on the wall; very textured

Question 48

*lbs or gsm?

Answer 48

* 1lbs = 1.48 gsm *Typical Printer paper; thin and floppy *20lbs *Cardstock and large format printing weights; 100lbs is very sturdy and can hold shape when holding vertically. 60lbs is like a fancy certificate/diploma. *60-100lbs *Heavier paper more appropriate for professional printing.

Question 49

Matte & textured papers generally ‘absorb’

Answer 49

‘absorb’ more ink, so can look a little more ‘washed out’. But they don’t reflect as much light so easier to look at.

Question 50

*Gloss papers are generally more vibrant and go

Answer 50

generally more vibrant and go darker than matte, but harder to see the detail because of the gloss.

Question 51

*Common Frame Sizes

Answer 51

*Small: 4x6, 5x7, 4x4, 5x5 *Medium: 8x10, 8.5x11 (limited designs usually), 11x14 *Large: 16x20, 18x24, 24x36 (poster frames, so usually plastic)

Question 52

*What is a Mat/Matte?

Answer 52

*Very thick inner ‘window’ in a framed print.

Question 53

*Why use Mats/Mattes?

Answer 53

*It is more professional to have a matte. *If you can’t afford a matte, then at least have some white space around your print! *Provides ‘breathing room’ or negative space from the frame. *Provides some room for your signature, the print run information, and date if desired.