Week 1

Question 1

Definitions of artificial intelligence organized into four categories?

Answer 1

1. Thinking Humanly, aktivitas yang diasosiasikan dengan pemikiran manusia seperti decision-making, problem solving, learning. etc.
2. Acting Humanly, pembelajaran bagaimana membuat komputer melakukan hal-hal dimana, pada saat ini, manusia lebih baik.
3. Thinking Rationally, pembelajaran dari komputasi yang membuat hal seperti mempersepsikan, beralasan, dan bertindak menjadi nyata.
4. Acting Rationally, pembelajaran dari mendesain intelligent agents.

Question 2

Foundations of AI?

Answer 2

Philosophy
Mathematics
Economics
Neuroscience
Psychology
Computer Engineering
Control Theory
Linguistics

Question 3

Agent Types?

Answer 3

1. Reflex agents
2. Reflex agents with internal states
3. Goal-based agents
4. Utility-based agents
5. Learning agents

Question 4

Nature of environment?

Answer 4

1. Fully observable vs. partially observable
2. Single agent vs. multiagent
3. Deterministic vs. stochastic
4. Episodic vs. sequential
5. Static vs. dynamic
6. Discrete vs. continuous
7. Known vs. unknown

Question 5

What is PEAS?

Answer 5

Performance, Environment, Actuators, Sensors

Question 6

Concept of rationality?

Answer 6

1. Goals
2. Percepts
3. Sensors
4. Effectors
5. Actions
6. Environment

Question 7

Karakteristik dari Agent?

Answer 7

1. agents are autonomous, that is, they act on behalf of the user
2. agents contain some level of intelligence, from fixed rules to learning engines that allow them to adapt to changes in the environment
3. agents don’t only act reactively, but sometimes also proactively
4. agents have social ability, that is, the communicate with the user, the system and other agents as required
5. agents may also cooperate with other agents to carry out more complex tasks than they themselves can handle
6. agents may migrate from one system to another to access remote resources or even to meet other agents

Question 8

Agent types?

Answer 8

1. Reflex agents
2. Reflex agents with internal states
3. Goal-based agents
4. Utility-based agents

Question 9

Rational action?

Answer 9

the action that maximizes the expected value of the performance measure given the percept sequence to date

Question 10

Uninformed search strategies?

Answer 10

1. Breadth-first search
   expands the shallowest nodes first; it is complete, optimal for unit step costs, but has exponential space complexity
2. uniform-cost search
   expands the node with lowest path cost, g(n), and is optimal for general step costs
3. Depth-first search
   expands the deepest unexpanded node first. It is neither complete nor optimal, but has linear space complexity.
4. depth-limited search
5. iterative deepening search
   calls depth-virst search with increasing depth limits until a goal is found.
6. Bidirectional search