What is dysplasia?
Presence of abnormal cells
What are different types (headings) of bone disorders?
- Inflammatory bone diseases
- Cystic lesions
- Reparative lesions of bone
- Nutritional Iatrogenic
- Dystrophic bone diseases
- Developmental
- Hormonal
- Hereditary bone diseases
- Idiopathic
- Tumours
What are characteristics of actinomyces?
- In between bacteria and fungus
- Can be associated with dental infections
- Seen in third world
What questions do we need to ask for pt with disorder of bone?
- What is it?
- What causes it?
- How do pts present/how do we find it?
- How do we establish diagnosis?
What are the disorder headings for periodontal disease?
- Infective
- Inflammatory
- Bone resorption
What is this?
Stafne’s bone cavity- below the IAN canal and bilateral.
How do we classify bone disorders on radiograph?
- Anatomic
- Artifact
- Pathologic
How is radiographic appearance of bone described?
- Radiopaque/radiolucent
- Unilocular/multilocular
How are disorders of bone diagnosed?
- Radiographic appearance
- History
- Exam
- Imaging
- Histopathology
What is Paget disease of bone (osteitis derformans)?
- Dystrophic condition
- More common in long bones but can happen in facial bone
- 2 phases- resorptive phase, osteosclerotic phase (increased bone mass, disordered)
- Can get heart failure
- 4% progress to sarcoma
Reversal lines
What are characteristics of osteopetrosis?
- Bones are abnormally dense and prone to breakage
- Loss of cortical definition
- Dense calvaris
- May present with hearing loss and sensory problems
What is cleidocranial dysplasia?
- Developmental condition
- Autosomal dominant
- Effects bone undergoing intramembranous ossification
- Dental abnormalities
- Sinusitis
- Mild developmental delays
- Hypertelorism
- No metopic suture
What are characteristics of fibrous dysplasia?
- Bone replaced by fibrous tissue
- Affects craniofacial bones
- Painless enlargement- stops after adolescent
- Genetic anomalies
- Can associated with cutaneous/endocrine syndomes
What is this?
Fibrous dysplasia
What is osteomyelitis?
- Inflammation of bone
- +/- infection
- Can be acute/chronic, suppurative or not
- Can be pus
What is happening in this image and tx?
Osteomyelitis
- Inferior border of right mandible- expansion.
- Pathological
- Well defined
- Calcification within it surrounded by radiolucency
- Dead primary teeth with chronic infection that has spread to bone marrow
- Tx: excision of bone sequestrum
What is this?
Osteomyelitis
What are some common pathogens present in osteomyelitis?
- Alpha-maeolytic strep
- -ve staph
- Priopionibacterium acnes
- Actinomyces
What is this?
MRONJ
- Hard, yellow, exposed bone
- Iatrogenic
What condition does sterile bone inflammation mimic?
Mimic osteomyelitis on imaging and biopsy
What are some autoinflammatory disorders of bone associated with?
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis
(skin, gut disorders OR NSAIDS, MTX, antiresorptive agents)
What is a mineral deficiency bone disorder?
Osteomalacia
What is a mineral deficiency bone disorder?
Osteomalacia
What are 2 hormonal bone conditions?
- Osteoporosis (post-menopausal)
- Hyperparathyroidism
