What is occupational therapy?
An essential health service dedicated to helping people achieve independence, meaning, and satisfaction in all aspects of their lives
What is an OTA?
Service providers who are assigned occupational therapy service components under the supervision of an occupational therapist
What are the steps in starting occupational therapy?
- Referral
- Screening
- Evaluation
- Treatment or intervention planning
- Re-evaluation
- Discharge planning
1) How do you obtain a referral to start OT?
2) Who is allowed to screen the patient’s information?
3) What occurs at the referral and screening stage?
1)
- Self referral
- Professional
- Teacher
- Anyone
2) Both the OT and OTA are allowed to screen the patient’s information
3)
- Data collection chart review
- Determine need for OT services
- Refer to other services if required
What occurs during the evaluation stage?
- More extensive evaluation: patient factors, activity demands, performance skills
- Identification of strengths, weaknesses
-Selection of frame of reference
What the treatment planning stage?
- treatment plan: a plan that will guide and that is developed in collaboration with the client
- the process of ongoing therapeutic activities that will influence and support client occupational performance
What does a model of practice do?
Provides a framework to:
- Define the scope and boundaries of a profession
- Describe its fundamental principles and values
- Guide assessment, intervention, and evaluation practices
What do the following acronyms stand for and what are they?
1) ADL
2) IADL
1) Activities of daily living - basic everyday activities that we do to take care of us
2) Instrumental activities of daily living - Complex activities that we do to live independently
Which of the following activities does not fall under grooming?
a) washing hands
b) brushing teeth
c) showering
d) makeup
C) Showering
What does a biomechanics approach suggest?
Emphasis on restoring the individual’s previous level of function
Differenced between a biomechanics approach and rehabilitative approach?
Biomechanics:
- Primarily concerned with an individual’s motion during occupations
- Focus is range of motion (ROM), strength and endurance
- Emphasis on restoring the individual’s previous level of function
Rehabilitative:
- Primarily focused on increasing independence despite residual impairment
- Focus on abilities to compensate for limitations
- Adapt the activity and minimize the effect of the disability
What is stage one: Adjunctive Methods
- Prepare client to engage in activity
- Maintaining or restoring structural integrity of body parts that could interfere with their potential use
- Often are used in acute stages of illness/disability
- Are often passive
What is stage two: Enabling or Simulated Activities
- Simulated activity necessary to prepare for purposeful activity
Used when:
–>Need to practice specific motor and process skills
–> Purposeful activity is beyond the capability of the patient
- Can be used alongside adjunctive modalities and purposeful activities
What is stage three: Purposeful Activity
- OT’s primary treatment modality
- “An activity is purposeful if the client is an active, voluntary participant and if the activity is directed toward a goal that the client considers meaningful”
What distinguishes stage 3 of OT from stage 1 and 2
–> stage 3 is purposeful activity
–> patient is actually doing the activities
–> Because we are doing the task that the patient actually wants to do the patient can see the goal and may feel more motivated
–> Makes more sense to the patient (stacking cones VS driving simulator)
What is stage four: Occupational Performance and Occupational roles
- Patient resumes or assumes occupational roles
- Client does skills in the environment where they will continue their occupational role
- Person may still have disability but will still be able to participate in their roles as demands arise
- Client will be discharged once this level has been achieved
