Week 2 GI issues

Question 1

What is GERD

Answer 1

reflux/ heart burn (pyrosis)

Question 2

What are the 5 reasons people get GERD

Answer 2

1. weak LES
2. hiated hernia
3. esophagus not pushing food down
4. pressure - preggers or obese
5. virus/nervous system disease= delayed gastric emptying

Question 3

What are the 4 complications of GERD

Answer 3

1. ucleration/bleeding
2. espohageal stricture
3. barrett’s esophagus
4. esophageal cancer

Question 4

Does Diarrhea cause hypokalemia or hyperkalemia and why?

Answer 4

Diarrhea causes hypokalemia because Na+ will be held in so K+ drops

Question 5

What is PUD?

Answer 5

mucosal layer erosion in the stomach

Question 6

What are the 5 gastric agressors?

Answer 6

1. H. Pylori
2. NSAIDS
3. Acid
4. pepsin
5. smoking

Question 7

What are the 5 gastric defenses?

Answer 7

1. Bicarb
2. mucus
3. prostoglandins
4. blood flow

Question 8

What are 3 complications of PUD?

Answer 8

1. hemorrhage
2. perforation = peritonitis
3. Gastric outlet obstruction

Question 9

What is the diff between gastric and duodenal PUD?

Answer 9

gastric = 1-2 hours
duodenal = 2-4 hours

Question 10

What is appendicitis?

Answer 10

1. blockage = cell death
2. seeping = peritonitis (localized)
   = peritonitis (generalized)
3. belly button pain

Question 11

What disease do we see pain at mcBurey’s point?

Answer 11

appendicitis

Question 12

Where is the appendix?

Answer 12

lower Right Quadrent

Question 13

what are the Irritable bowel diseases?

Answer 13

1. Crohn’s
2. Ulcerative colitis

Question 14

how do we know someone has crohn’s?

Answer 14

1. weight loss
2. nutrition issues
3. fistulas
4. strictures

Question 15

How do we remember what crohn’s is?

Answer 15

Mr. Crohn travels down cobblestone streets

Question 16

What gastric diseases are auto immune?

Answer 16

1. Crohn’s
2. Ulcerative colitis

Question 17

What gastric diseases are bacterial, viral or chemical?

Answer 17

all other IBD and IBS, not crohn’s and colitis

Question 18

What cause gastritis?

Answer 18

stress
surgery
crohn’s
alcohol
NSAIDS
h. pylori

Question 19

Where is crohn’s most commonly found?

Answer 19

ilium - but can be anywhere

Question 20

Where is ulcerative colitis usually found?

Answer 20

rectum
- mucosa
- submucosa

Question 21

What is the usual cause of crohn’s?

Answer 21

genetic

Question 22

what can cause gastro enteritis?

Answer 22

food poisining
E. coli
Cdiff
flu/virus

Question 22

Which disease is rectal bleeding more common in, UC or crohn’s?

Answer 22

UC

Question 22

What are the 3 signs of UC?

Answer 22

1. rectal bleeding
2. tenesmus spasms
3. toxic megacolon

Question 23

What are 5 reasons for constipation?

Answer 23

1. Diet 2. Meds 3. metabolic + muscular DO 4. structural + functional abnormality 5. psychological reasons

Question 24

What are 5 mechanical intestinal obstruction causes?

Answer 24

1. adhesions 2. tumor 3. inguinal hernia 4. volvulus - twisted intestine 5. intussusception

Question 25

What is an example of a non-mechanical/functional intestinal obstruction cause?

Answer 25

neurological

Question 26

what is Borborygmi?

Answer 26

loud bowel sounds due to obstruction

Question 27

What kind of poop will someone have with colorectal cancer?

Answer 27

ribbon like

Question 28

What is the 2nd most common cause of cancer death in Canada?

Answer 28

colorectal

Question 29

What is the most common malabsorption syndrome?

Answer 29

lactose intolerance

Question 30

what are the 5 causes of malabsorption syndrome?

Answer 30

1. enzyme problems - like lactase 2. bacteria proliferation 3. crohn's 4. lymphatic and vascular problems 5. surface area loss through colectomy

Question 31

What are the 4 most common malabsorption syndromes?

Answer 31

1. lactase deficiency 2. IBD 3. celia 4. cystic fibrosis lactase deficiency