Mode of reduction
Cutting
Compression (crushed)
Shear
Impact (strikes against hammer)
Attrition (rubbing action)
Types of force in mode of reduction
Compressive: used for coarse crushing of hard materials
Impact: used to mill a wide variety of materials
Shear: applied for soft materials
Characteristics of roller mills
For wheat milling
Compressive force
Types of roller mills
Two roller mills
Four roller mills
Five and six roller mills
Types of equipment with each force
compressive force: grinder mill, ball mill, crushers
impact force: hammer mill, cutter mill
shear force: disc mill, shredder, chopper
Factors that influence the energy input
Moisture content of the food
Heat sensitivity of the food