Week 4

Question 1

What is the European Court of justice (ECJ)

Answer 1

The Guardian of EU law in order to make it effective, uniform, & binding

Question 2

ECJ jurisdictions?

Answer 2

1.Reviewing the legality of acts
2. Establishing infringements
3. Giving preliminary rulings

Question 3

ECJ Structure ?

Answer 3

1. The Court of Justice
   - Preliminary hearings
   - The Highest court
   - 27 Judges , 10 advocate generals
2. The General Court
   -Disputes by individual/companies
   -2 Judges per MS
   - MS vs. Commission

Question 4

What is Direct effect & What case correlates

Answer 4

Individuals can directly invoke the legislation in cases before national courts
- Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen

Question 5

What is Supremacy & What case correlates

Answer 5

If national legislation is in conflict with EU law, EU law overrides
- Flaminio Costa v ENEL

Question 6

What is “Council of Europe” ?

Answer 6

International organization promoting human rights, democracy, and rule of law
- NOT an EU institution

Question 7

What is “European Court of Human Rights” ?

Answer 7

Enforces the European convention of human rights & influences the ECJ in interpreting fundamental rights
- NOT an EU Court