Week 4 - Human Variability Flashcards

(24 cards)

1
Q

What is an emotion?

A

An immediate, specific positive or negative response to environmental events or internal thoughts.

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2
Q

How are emotions adaptive?

A

They guide decision-making, strengthen social bonds, communicate internal states, and promote survival.

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3
Q

How do emotions guide decision-making?

A

They signal which choices are beneficial or harmful, helping to avoid danger and seek rewards.

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4
Q

How do emotions strengthen social bonds?

A

By expressing emotions, we communicate empathy, build trust, and form connections with others.

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5
Q

Why are emotions important in Allied Health?

A

They influence patient engagement and recovery; emotional awareness improves empathy and therapeutic rapport.

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6
Q

What is motivation?

A

A process that energises, guides, and maintains behaviour toward achieving a goal.

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7
Q

How is motivation adaptive?

A

It drives behaviour to satisfy needs; unmet needs can lead to physical or psychological impairment.

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8
Q

What is self-efficacy?

A

People’s belief in their ability to control actions and influence outcomes (Bandura, 1982).

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9
Q

Why is self-efficacy important?

A

High self-efficacy increases persistence, resilience, and motivation toward goals.

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10
Q

What is intrinsic motivation?

A

Doing an activity for its inherent enjoyment or personal value.

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11
Q

What is extrinsic motivation?

A

Doing an activity for external rewards or goals (e.g., money, approval).

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12
Q

What is delayed gratification?

A

Postponing immediate rewards in pursuit of long-term goals; linked to self-regulation and success.

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13
Q

What factors influence motivation?

A

Biological, cognitive, emotional, social, and environmental factors.

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14
Q

Why is motivation important in Allied Health?

A

Understanding motivation helps clinicians maintain client engagement and support long-term progress.

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15
Q

What is personality?

A

Individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving (APA, 2021).

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16
Q

What is the nature vs nurture debate in personality?

A

Personality results from an interaction between genetic (nature) and environmental (nurture) influences.

17
Q

What is Trait Theory?

A

Personality consists of stable traits (e.g., introversion, openness) measurable across time.

18
Q

What is Psychoanalytic Theory of personality?

A

Freud’s idea that personality is shaped by unconscious drives and early experiences.

19
Q

What is Behavioural Theory of personality?

A

Personality is shaped by learning and environmental reinforcement.

20
Q

What is Humanistic Theory of personality?

A

Focuses on personal growth, free will, and self-actualisation (Rogers, Maslow).

21
Q

What is Cognitive Theory of personality?

A

Focuses on perception, interpretation, and self-beliefs; includes concepts like self-efficacy (Bandura).

22
Q

How is personality relevant to Allied Health?

A

It affects communication, motivation, and engagement; understanding it helps tailor therapy.

23
Q

How are emotions, motivation, and personality connected?

A

Emotions initiate behaviour, motivation sustains it, and personality influences how we respond to challenges.

24
Q

Why are these concepts important for Allied Health professionals?

A

They help clinicians understand client variability and deliver person-centred, empathetic care.