Week 6

Question 1

Nuchal translucency (NT)

Answer 1

Subcutaneous fluid in the posterior region of the
neck of embryos and fetuses up to 14 weeks’ gestational age. Abnormally
large NTs have been associated with a higher risk of chromosomal and
structural abnormalities.

Question 2

NT should not be more than…

Some institutions use
CRL measurement from…

Answer 2

3 –3.5 mm

41mm- 84 mm

Question 3

what is the single most powerful marker available to
differentiate euploid pregnancies from
Down syndrome

Answer 3

NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY

Question 4

AMA- ADVANCED MATERNAL AGE IS

Answer 4

35

Question 5

SOME ANOMALIES ARE NOT PRESENT UNTIL
LATER PREGNANCY BEST TIME FOR A ROUTINE (MORPHOLOGY U/S)

Answer 5

19-20 weeks

Question 6

Preterm deliveries

Answer 6

Between 20+ to 37 weeks

Question 7

(1ST 2- 3 MIN OF AN EXAM)

Answer 7

• HEART BEAT
• HOW MANY FETUS?
• WHERE IS THE PLACENTA?
• POSITION OF THE FETUS?

Question 8

Frank breech delivery

Answer 8

c section, possibly vaginal

Question 9

COMPLETE BREECH AND FOOTLING
BREECH WILL BE DELIVER BY

Answer 9

c section

Question 10

BREECH DELIVERY MAYBE A CAUSE OF

Answer 10

DYSTOCIA

Question 11

FOOTLING BREECH

Answer 11

RISK OF UMBILICAL
CORD PROLAPSE LEADING TO FETAL
DISTRESS DURING LABOUR.

Question 12

CLINICAL WAYS TO DETERMINE GESTATIONAL
AGE

Answer 12

1. NMP: SUBTRACT 3 MONTHS THAN ADD 7 DAYS
   * I.E. SEPT 20TH (JUNE 20TH + 7 DAYS)= JUNE 27TH
2. PHYSICAL EXAM - FUNDAL HEIGHT
3. BETA HCG ***
   * GESTATION SAC SHOULD BE PRESENT
   * 1800 M/U/ML TA
   * 1000 M/U ML TV

Question 13

FUNDAL HEIGHT MEASUREMENT

Answer 13

THE CENTIMETER LENGTH IS APPROXIMATELY
EQUAL TO THE WEEKS OF GESTATION.
20 CM = 20 WEEKS

UTERINE FIBROIDS
 MATERNAL BODY HABITUS

Question 14

A TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND SHOULD BE ABLE TO SHOW AT LEAST A GESTATIONAL SAC ONCE THE HCG LEVELS HAVE
REACHED BETWEEN

A DIAGNOSIS SHOULD NOT BE MADE BY ULTRASOUND FINDINGS UNTIL THE HCG LEVEL HAS
REACHED

Answer 14

1,000 – 2,000 MIU/ML

AT LEAST 2,000 MIU/ML.

Question 15

CRL *** MOST ACCURATE

Answer 15

CRL (CM) + 6 CM = GESTATIONAL WEEKS

Question 16

Estimating gestational age

Between 4+3 and 5+6 weeks

Between 6+0 and 9+6 weeks

Between 14+0 and 24+0 weeks

After 24+0 weeks, assess size not gestational age

Answer 16

Between 4+3 and 5+6 weeks – measure mean sac
diameter (MSD) of gestational sac but do not date or
assign EDD

Between 6+0 and 9+6 weeks – crown rump length
(CRL) [5.0 – 31.9mm] * Between 10+0 and 13+6 weeks
- CRL (32.0mm – 80.0mm)

Between 14+0 and 24+0 weeks – HC and/or FL,
both should ‘agree

After 24+0 weeks, assess size not gestational age

Question 17

CRITERIA FOR BPD (BIPARIETAL DIAMETER)

Answer 17

CSP (CAVUM SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM) & THALAMUS
* NO CEREBELLUM
* HEMISPHERES SYMMETRICAL
* ULTRASOUND BEAM 90 DEGREES TO MIDLINE
ECHO
* CALIPERS PLACED AT WIDEST PART OF SKULL

Question 18

SKULL GROWTH:
2ND TRI
3RD TRI

Answer 18

SKULL GROWTH:
2ND TRI = 3MM/WEEK
3RD TRI = 1.8MM/WEEK

Question 19

MANUAL CALC:
HC

Answer 19

MANUAL CALC:
HC = (BPD+OFD) X 1.57
OFD – OCCIPITO-FRONTAL DIAMETER

Question 20

BRACHYCEPHALY

Answer 20

• (SHORT & FAT)
• BPD ELONGATED
• OFD SHORTENED

Question 21

DOLICHOCEPHALY

Answer 21

• (LONG AND NARROW)
• BDP SHORTENED
• OFD LENGTHENED

Question 22

CI % =

Answer 22

CI % = BPD X 100/OFD

Question 23

CI NORMAL RANGE =

Answer 23

NORMAL RANGE = 70 TO 85%
> 85% = BRACHIOCEPHALIC
< 70% = DOLICHOCEPHALIC

Question 24

ABDOMINAL
CIRCUMFERENCE
MEASURED FROM SKIN EDGE TO SKIN EDGE
Affected by

Answer 24

1. Growth disturbances
2. Biologic variability
3. Measurement error
4. Transducer
   compression

Question 25

N ANY ROUTINE OBSTETRIC EVALUATION, THE FEMUR IS USUALLY THE ONLY LONG BONE MEASURED, BUT IF THERE IS...

Answer 25

N ANY ROUTINE OBSTETRIC EVALUATION, THE FEMUR IS USUALLY THE ONLY LONG BONE MEASURED, BUT IF THERE IS A 2-WEEK OR GREATER DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FEMUR LENGTH AND ALL OTHER BIOMETRIC PARAMETERS, ALL FETAL LONG BONES SHOULD BE MEASURED.

Question 26

when can we measure CRL measurement from 41mm- 84 mm

Answer 26

CRL IN CM + 6 = AGE IN WEEKS

Question 27

Gravidity and parity

Answer 27

The number of term deliveries (37 weeks or more). The number of preterm deliveries (from 20 up to less than 37 weeks). The number of pregnancies that ended before 20 weeks (like miscarriages or abortions). The number of living children. So if you see something like G4 P1-1-2-3, that means the person has had 4 pregnancies in total (gravidity = 4). Out of those, they’ve had 1 term delivery, 1 preterm delivery, 2 pregnancies that ended before 20 weeks, and they have 3 living children.