Week 6 - Intelligence & Dynamic Testing

Question 1

What is the Flynn Effect

Answer 1

the substantial and long-sustained increase in both fluid and crystallized intelligence test

Question 2

Intelligence testing bias

Answer 2

• Limited relationship between scores and instruction
• Emphasis on the outcome (scores) instead of on the psychological processes involved
• Test bias-Underestimation of intelligence potential-Intelligence scores related to SES

Question 3

What is dynamic testing?

Answer 3

Individualised feedback/instruction

Question 4

Zone of proximal development

Answer 4

The difference between solving a problem independently and solving the problem with the help of others

Actual level of development <–> Potential level of development

Actual level of development –> feedback parent

Feedback teacher –> Potential level of development

Question 5

Scaffolding

Answer 5

“a process that enables a child or novice to solve a problem, carry out a task or achieve a goal which would be beyond his unassisted efforts”(Wood, Bruner and Ross, 1976, p. 90)*Gradual development from external to internal regulation (Fisher & Frey, 20

Question 6

Learning potential measures

Answer 6

1. The number and type of steps of help that the child needed during the intervention
2. Progression from pretest to posttest
3. Performance after a (training) intervention
4. The ability to transfer newly acquired knowledge/skills to a different (but related) domain

Question 7

Differences in learning potential

Answer 7

1. Some children progress significantly after only minimal help
2. Some children need only minimal help, but then also show minimal progress
3. Other children need a lot of help while progressing only minimally
   * They need lots of extra instruction and practice
4. Other children progress significantly but need a lot of help

Question 8

Dynamic testing and inclusive education

Answer 8

1. Teaching cognitive strategies
   * Domain-specific or independent
2. Better prediction of future performance
   * Minority groups
3. Insight into the unique manner in which every individual learns and reasons
   * Didactic intervention

Question 9

An IQ test measures

Answer 9

• Obtained knowledge and skills
• A snapshot of these knowledge and skills

Question 10

Limitation of IQ test

Answer 10

An IQ test measures performance, but does it explain this performance?