Week 6 - Prerequisite knowledge

Question 1

What is the difference between Sex and Gender?

Answer 1

• Sex: biological/anatomical traits (chromosomes, hormones, gonads, genitalia)
• Gender: social/cultural identity, roles, power, expression (man, woman, non-binary, etc.)

Care must consider both; “one-size-fits-all” approaches miss epidemiology, presentations, and treatment response.

Question 2

What is a key principle of trauma-informed, inclusive practice?

Answer 2

• Ask name/pronouns
• Avoid assumptions about bodies/behaviours
• Document respectfully
• Advocate against bias

These practices help create a safe and respectful environment for all individuals.

Question 3

What does “sex” mean in healthcare?

Answer 3

Sex refers to biological/anatomical traits (chromosomes, hormones, gonads, genitalia)

Understanding sex is crucial for accurate medical assessments.

Question 4

What does “gender” mean in healthcare?

Answer 4

Gender refers to social/cultural identity, roles, power, and expression (e.g., man, woman, non-binary)

Gender influences health behaviors and access to care.

Question 5

Why must we consider both sex and gender?

Answer 5

Both shape epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, and treatment response; ignoring either risks misdiagnosis and poorer outcomes

Comprehensive care requires understanding both aspects.

Question 6

What is the pitfall of one-size-fits-all care?

Answer 6

It misses sex-specific risks and gendered access barriers, leading to suboptimal outcomes

Tailored approaches are essential for effective healthcare.

Question 7

What is the goal of trauma-informed care?

Answer 7

Minimise re-traumatisation and promote safety, trust, choice, collaboration, and empowerment

This approach is vital for patients with trauma histories.

Question 8

What are two first steps in trauma-informed communication?

Answer 8

• Ask/use chosen name and pronouns
• Explain what you’re doing and obtain consent

These steps help establish trust and respect.

Question 9

What are inclusive openers for history taking?

Answer 9

• “What name and pronouns do you use?”
• “Which terms for your body feel comfortable to you?”

These questions create a welcoming environment for patients.

Question 10

What assumptions must be avoided in inclusive care?

Answer 10

Do not infer anatomy, sexual practices, or identity from appearance; ask neutrally and only if clinically relevant

This helps prevent biases in patient care.

Question 11

How should respectful documentation be handled?

Answer 11

Record affirmed name/pronouns where possible; if legal fields are required, explain why and document sensitively

Proper documentation respects patient identity.

Question 12

What is a quick bias self-check?

Answer 12

Ask: “Is a belief shaping my interpretation?” Re-anchor to evidence and patient-reported experience

This practice helps maintain objectivity in care.

Question 13

What language reduces stigma in notes?

Answer 13

Use neutral, person-first phrasing (e.g., “person with…”), avoiding labels that pathologise identity

This approach promotes dignity in documentation.

Question 14

What actions protect privacy and dignity during exams?

Answer 14

• Provide a private space
• Limit observers
• Narrate steps
• Stop immediately if distress occurs

These actions ensure a respectful examination process.