Types of Information Systems
- Operations Support Systems: productivity
– Transaction Processing Systems
– Process Control Systems
– Enterprise Collaboration Systems - Management Support Systems: better decisions
– Management Information Systems
– Decision Support Systems
– Executive Support Systems
Database Management
- Databases are central to information
management
– Store data once only
– Protect the integrity of that data
– Make the data available to those who need it in the
form in which they need it - Information has to move between different units
– This should be transmitted so that duplicate data
does not arise
– Hence interlinked
Material requirements planning (MRP)
Material requirements planning (MRP) integrates
production, purchasing, and inventory
management of related products.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) further
integrates transaction processing and other
routine activities in the entire enterprise.
What does CRM do?
- CRM provides information from customer
transactions
– Capture and integrate customer data from all over
the organisation.
– Consolidate and analyse customer data.
– Distribute customer information to systems and
customer touch points across enterprise.
– Provide single enterprise view of customers.
B2B Supply Chain
Network of organisations and processes for:
– Procuring raw materials
– Transforming them into products
– Distributing the products
Upstream Supply Chain
– Firm’s suppliers, suppliers’ suppliers, processes for
managing relationships with them
Downstream Supply Chain
– Organisations and processes responsible for
delivering products to customers
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
EDI :exchange of structured business data
– purchase orders,
– Invoices
– shipping notices
E- Supply Chains: Tangible Benefits
Tangible benefits : productivity driven
– Reduced costs
– Customer responsiveness
– Standardisation
– Globalisation
– Reduction in duplication of entries
– controls and reconciliation are enhanced
– rapid assimilation of data into organisation
E- Supply Chains: Intangible Benefits
Intangible benefits :
better information ➔ better management
– Information visibility
– New/improved processes
– Customer responsiveness
– Flexibility
– Reduced risk
XBRL
- XBRL Xtensible Business Reporting Language
- Freely licensed standard, originated in
accountancy profession - It is XML – and cleverer still, as well as tagging
data items
– it can show relationships
– … and how they have been calculated
– Uses a taxonomy
Smart Contract
- A Smart Contract is a computer program that
automatically executes the preset terms of a
contract when conditions are met - Neither smart nor a contract, it is actually code
- It is an effective way of implementing automated
“straight-through-processing”
– Increase speed / time-to-market
– More efficient business processes
– Certainty that the contract will be executed as
agreed
Executive Information Systems
Executive Information System (EIS) – a
specialised IS that supports senior level
executives within the organization.
Digital Dashboards
Digital dashboard – integrates information from
multiple components
– Turns data into information using graphics
What is Business Intelligence?
– Infrastructure for collecting, storing, analyzing data
produced by business
– Databases, data warehouses, data marts
Elements in the Business Intelligence Environment
– Data from the business environment
– Business intelligence infrastructure
– Business analytics toolset
– Managerial users and methods
– Delivery platform—MIS, DSS, ESS
– User interface
* Data visualisation tools
