What are the three main stores in the Modal Model?
Sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
What is the main function of sensory memory?
It registers new perceptions for a very short time, giving the brain a moment to process and decide which information is important enough to hold onto.
What is the capacity of sensory memory?
Large
What is another name for short term memory?
Working memory
What is the typical duration of short-term memory without rehearsal?
About 20 seconds.
What type of code does Long Term Memory primarily use?
Semantic (meaning-based) coding.
What is the capacity of LTM?
Virtually limitless or infinite.
What process moves information from sensory memory to Short Term Memory?
Attention
What process transfers information from STM to LTM?
Rehearsal (especially elaborative rehearsal).
What are the two types of rehearsal?
Maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal.
What is iconic memory?
Visual sensory memory
What does echoic memory refer to?
Auditory sensory memory.
What brain region is heavily involved in working memory?
The prefrontal cortex.
What factor improves long-term retention according to Levels of Processing theory?
Depth of processing.
What is elaborative encoding?
Linking new information to existing knowledge or creating meaningful associations.
What is elaboration?
A cognitive process of adding meaning to new information by connecting it to existing knowledge, which improves understanding and memory retention.
What are the two main types of knowledge in ACT* theory?
Declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge.
What is declarative knowledge
The conscious understanding and recall of facts, concepts, and information.
What is procedural knowledge?
The practical “how-to” skill for performing a task.
What is the fan effect according to ACT* theory?
The more associations a concept has, the slower it is to retrieve any one of them.
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Week 1 - The Science of Cognition28
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Week 2 - Attention and Performance18
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Week 3 - Attention and Performance & Representations of Knowledge32
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Week 4 - Representations of Knowledge25
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Week 5 - Imagery8
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Week 7 - Encoding and Storage20
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Week 8 - Encoding and Storage & Retention and Retrieval9
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Week 9 - Retention and Retrieval3
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Week 10 - Expertise7
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Week 1117
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Week 1216
