Week 8 - Environment

Question 1

Environment Terms

Answer 1

• Convection (Vertical movement of air)
• METAR (Meteorological terminal aviation routine weather report)
• ATIS (Automatic terminal information service)
• NOTAM (Notice to airmen of hazardous weather conditions)
• TAF (Terminal area forecast)

Question 2

Aviation Weather Services

Answer 2

• World Meteorological Organization (WMO) created in 1950
• Annex 3 outlines guidelines for weather information
• National Meteorological Services (70 states don’t have one)

Question 3

Atmosphere

Answer 3

• Pressure increases as altitude decreases
• Temperature decreases as altitude increases
• Troposphere, Tropopause, Stratosphere (Ozone Layer), Stratopause, Mesosphere, Mesopause, Thermosphere, Exosphere

Question 4

International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)

Answer 4

• Assumes air is still and contains no water vapour or dust
• Standard pressure of 29.92 inches of mercury and 15 degrees celsius at sea level
• pressure decreases 1 inch per 1000 ft and temperature decreases two degrees per 1000 ft

Question 5

Dew Point

Answer 5

Temperature at which the water naturally present in the air begins to condense causing visible clouds and fog

Question 6

Air Masses

Answer 6

• Created by combinations of temperature, moisture, and air stability
• Dry, Maritime, Polar, Tropical
• Don’t stay still for very long

Question 7

Wind

Answer 7

• Created by differences in air pressure
• Measured in knots and direction is where it comes from

Question 8

Lifting Forces

Answer 8

• Convergent Lifting (Air moves toward low pressure area)
• Frontal Lifting (Air moves upward along the edge of another air mass)
• Orographic Lifting (Air is pushed upward by rising terrain)
• Convective lifting (Air is pushed upward by rising currents of warm air caused by surface heat, these are called thermals)

Question 9

United Nations Climate Change Management

Answer 9

• UNFCC, also called the Rio convention as it was at the 1992 Rio Earth Summit
• Kyoto Protocol adopted in 1997
• Paris Agreement in 2016

Question 10

Annex 16

Answer 10

• Environmental Protection
• 4 Volumes, Aircraft Noise, Aircraft Engine Emissions, Aeroplane CO2 Emissions, Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)

Question 11

Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) Initiatives

Answer 11

• Sustainable Aviation Fuels
• Airplane CO2 emissions standards
• Non-Volatile particulate matter standards
• Aviation system block upgrade environmental analysis
• Noise
• Aircraft recycling