Week 8 PP

Question 1

Why do you need a special diet in dentistry?

Answer 1

After certain procedures..
-Extractions
-Surgeries
-Trauma/Accidents
-Orthodontics

Question 2

Phases of Wound Healing - TEST / BOARD EXAM QUESTION

Answer 2

1. Hemostasis
2. Inflammatory
3. Proliferation
4. Maturation/Remodeling

Question 3

What happens during Hemostasis?

Answer 3

The purpose of the first stage of wound healing is to prevent excess blood from leaving the wound through the formation of blood clots, constricting blood vessels, etc.

Question 4

What happens during the Inflammatory phase of wound healing?

Answer 4

This phase focuses on destroying any bacteria and unwanted particles in the wound area to prevent infections. Tissue swelling

Question 5

What happens during the proliferation stage of wound healing?

Answer 5

This phase focuses on filling up the wound and repairing the skin. New blood vessels and tissue must be formed in this area.

Question 6

Signs of Inflammation

Answer 6

1. Redness - vasodilation (more blood flow)
2. Swelling - allows for fluids, plasma and antibodies to pass through blood vessels
3. Heat - increases the metabolic rate and promotes cell healing
4. Pain - injured nerve endings cause pain

Question 7

Nutritional Requirements for Wound Healing

Answer 7

Zinc
Vitamin C, A, D, K
Iron

Question 8

How does Zinc help wound healing?

Answer 8

Helps activate the immune defense against foreign bacteria

Question 9

How does Vitamin C help would healing?

Answer 9

promotes collagen synthesis

Question 10

How does Vitamin D help wound healing?

Answer 10

vital for maintaing bone health

Question 11

How does Vitamin K help would healing?

Answer 11

Synthesis of prothombin in blood clotting and bone proteins

Question 12

How does Iron help wound healing?

Answer 12

helps carry oxygen to the blood, promotes formation of red blood cells

Question 13

3 Types of Diets After Oral and/or Maxillofacial Surgery or Trauma

Answer 13

1. Clear Liquid / fluid diet
2. Full fluid diet
3. Mechanically-Altered Diet

Question 14

What is the Clear Liquid/Fluid Diet?

Answer 14

-Anything you can see through
-First 24 hours post-op
-Not recommended for more than 3 days
-Not a balanced source of nutrition especially lacking calories and proteins
-This patient can easily develop taste fatigue with the lack of variety, texture, smell and taste

Question 15

Examples of Clear Liquid Diet..

Answer 15

• Clear, non fat broths
  -Clear nutritional drinks
  -Pulp-free popsicles
  -Coffee and tea without milk or nondairy creamer
  -Strained, pulp-free fruit and vegetable juices

Question 16

What is a Full Fluid Diet?

Answer 16

Slighty more nutritous
-add some dairy products or alternatives such as nut milks or lactosee-free milks
-difficult to meet protein requirements on the full fluid diet (nut milks can be suggested if no allergies exist)

Question 17

Examples of Foods in Mechanically Altered Diet

Answer 17

Soft Scrambled eggs
Tuna Salad (blended)
Poached Chicken & Brocoli (Blended)

Question 18

Recommendations for Fractured or Wire Jaw (Post-Jaw Surgery Diet)

Answer 18

Nutrients must be run through a blender-like process
-fluids must be thin enough to draw through a straw (similar to full fluid diet)
-must be administered by a straw or a syringe
- must encompass all essential food elements
-emphasis on protein
-specific vitamins A, C & D
-specific minerals calcium & phosphorous

Question 19

What to Avoid after PEriodontal and Oral Surgery?

Answer 19

Avoid..
-Alcohol
-Spicy Food
-Hard/Sharp Food
-Straws/Smoking

Question 20

What to encourage after Periodontal and Oral Surgery?

Answer 20

-Cooler foods to limit swelling
-Supplements may be indicated (Ensure/Boost/Protein Shake)
-Soft diet

• Advance diet to full texture within a few days or follow specific post-op instructions from the Dentist

Question 21

Nutritional Advice for Patients with Treatment on Anterior Teeth From Trauma

Answer 21

Treatment Options - composite restoration, veneer or Crown, Implant, Flipper Partial, Bridge

-Avoid excess stress on the injured area
-Strength is reduced
-Avoid tearing or snapping foods, no carrots, no apples, no licorice
-Cut food up and eat on posterior teeth

Question 22

Nutritional Advice for Veneers

Answer 22

• Great crushing strength, but little “tensile” strength
  -Avoid anything that will twist the veneer
  -Chewing on nuts, hard candy, chicken wings, or rib bones, corn on the cob, candy apples or beef jerky
  -avoid shearing with anterior teeth, opening things with your teeth

Question 23

What is NUG?

Answer 23

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

Necrotizing: causing cell death
Ulcerative: formation of an ulcer on the surface of a tissue
Gingivitis: inflammation of the gums

Question 25

Dietary Modifications for NUG?

Answer 25

-usuallly starting with a clear fluid diet, and moving to a full fluid, and then to a soft diet -bland foods (avoid spicy foods), sooth foods are suggested (jello, icecream, etc.) -eat frequent small meals -drink plenty of fluids -supplements are often required -avoid alcohol

Question 26

Orthodontic Food Considerations

Answer 26

Promote to patient ✓ Nutritious soft foods after application and routine tightening appointments Avoid ✓ Sticky or sharp foods ✓ Foods that may trap plaque ✓ See foods to avoid list

Question 27

Why to avoid sugar containing foods for orthodontics

Answer 27

Weaken cement beneath the bands, causing bands to loosen Adhere to tooth enamel, causing cavities

Question 28

Why to avoid sticky foods for orthodontics

Answer 28

Loosen bands, pull out ligature ties, may bend arch wires

Question 29

Why to avoid hard foods for orthodontics?

Answer 29

Loosen bands and bend and occasionally break arch wires

Question 30

Why to avoid Husk foods for orthodontics?

Answer 30

May lodge between bands and beneath arch wires, causing irritation to gum tissues

Question 31

Why to avoid chewing gum for orthodontics?

Answer 31

Loosen bands, pulls out the wires, and bends arch wires

Question 32

Considerations for Dry Mouth

Answer 32

can cause dysphagia(difficulty swallowing), taste changes and dental caries painful - infections, cuts irritations

Question 33

How to help dry mouth?

Answer 33

- Water -sugarless gums with xylitol -chemical stimulants suck as biotene which is a rinse, other products can be a spray or gel -oral moisturizers such as oralube -MI paste to help with calcium absorption

Question 34

Nutritional Goals for patients with Dry mouth?

Answer 34

Maintian adequate nutritional status minimize discomfort associated with eating (soft moist foods) -minimize the effect of diet on dental caries (limit carbohydrates)

Question 35

Advice for New Denture Wearers

Answer 35

1. Cut foods into smaller pieces 2. Select foods that can be placed on the back teeth 3. Chew on both sides 4. Avoid chewing gum, caramels or anything sticky 5. Be careful of hot beverages or foods, as a denture can mask the severity of how hot a liquid can actually be 6. Avoid sharp or hard foods, like nuts, that can be hard to chew 7. Suggest a daily supplement of calcium for bone health. Alveolar bone absorption happens more quickly with edentulous patients. 8. Always remove at night and allow tissue to “breath”