What is the common presentation of COPD?
Chronic cough, tired, weight loss, dyspnoea, wheezing, chest tightness, anorexia, violent coughing, sputum production
What is the common presentation of asthma?
Breathlessness, wheezing, chest tightness, attacks, no audible wheezing
What are risk factors of COPD?
Smoking, environment, pollution, genetics
What are risk factors of asthma?
Exercise, strong emotions, environment, season
What are functional health patterns of COPD?
- Sleep and rest
- Coping and stress tolerance
- Activity – exercise
- Health perception and health management
What are functional health patterns of asthma?
- Sleep and rest
- Coping and tress tolerance
- Activity - exercise
- Health perception and health management
- Self-perception and self-concept
- Roles and relationships
How to monitor COPD?
- Peak flow
- Spirometry
How to monitor asthma?
- Skin allergy testing
- Peak flow
- Spirometry
What are nursing interventions for COPD?
- Monitor BMI and nutritional status
- Monitor airway clearance techniques
- Encourage gradual exercise during stable periods
- Identify ways to provide support and education for families and caregivers to help them with changes
- Encourage self-monitoring in order to recognise exacerbations early
- Monitor health and ability to cope
- Monitor functional capabilities
- Be aware of oxygen use and titration in acute settings and safety for home use
- Monitor for signs of aspiration
What are nursing interventions for asthma?
- Assess/educate for the persons understanding of their condition
- Assess for known triggers and educate on identification and avoidance
- Encourage exercise assess for need to pre-treat with medications
- Assess and educate on non-pharm relaxation techniques
- Identify ways to provide support and education for families and caregivers to help them with changes and plans for acute episodes
- Assess action plan for details on response for upper respiratory infection
What are nursing interventions for both COPD and asthma?
- Creation of action plan
- Encourage involvement in planning
- Encourage/educate smoking cessation
- Encourage annual vaccinations
- Assess and educate on the correct method for inhaler use
- Encourage participation in pulmonary rehabilitation
- Utilising interventions that encourage motivation
- Assess for insomnia
- Managing stress
- Encourage participating appropriate amount of exercise
What are common medications for both COPD and asthma?
- Inhaler treatment
- Flu and pneumonia vaccinations
- Prevent constriction of airways – Beta2- agonists and anticholingerics
- Reduce or prevent inflammation – Phsophodiesterase4 inhibitors and corticosteroids
- Enhance inspiratory muscle function - Methylxanthines
What are medications specifically for COPD?
Antibiotics
What are medications specifically for asthma?
- NSAIDs e.g ibuprofen
- Beta blockers e.g. metoprolol
