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Winter Ops Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 5 steps for de-icing?

A

1- Contamination check
2- De/anti-icing procedure
3- Post treatment check
4- Pre take off check
5- Pre take off contamination check

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2
Q

What is contamination check?

A

Visual check performed by the captain or engineer to establish the need for de-icing

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3
Q

What is de/anti-icing procedure?

A

Procedure to provide uncontaminated surfaces and protection (anti-icing)

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4
Q

What is post treatment check?

A

An external check after de/anti-icing procedure to ensure AC is free of contaminent

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5
Q

What is pre takeoff check?

A

Assessment (from the flight deck) to check the holdover time or regardinfg the effectiveness of the anti-icing.

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6
Q

What is a contaminated runway?

A

When more than 25% of at least 1/3rd of the runway is covered by one or more of the following: 3mm standing water or slsuh, compacted snow, dry snow, frost…

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7
Q

Clear ice?

A

When wing temperature is below 0°C.
Ambient temperature is between -2°C and +15°C.
Ambient humidity is high or precipitation occurs.
IF CLEAR ICE IS SUSPECTED THEN DE ICE AND A POST TREATMENT TACTILE CHECK IS REQUIRED.

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8
Q

Freezing fog?

A

< 1000m visibility or 0°C or below

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9
Q

Freezing mist

A

> 1000m visbility or 0°C or below

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10
Q

Freezing drizzle

A

Fine drops (< 0.5mm)

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11
Q

Is takeoff allowed in mod or heavy freezing rain?

A

No,it is prohibited as there is no HOT

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12
Q

Is holding with flaps extend in icing condition allowed?

A

No, it is prohibited.

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13
Q

What are icing condition?

A

OAT or TAT >= 10°C and there is visible moisture (cloud, fog, rain, snow,standing water…)

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14
Q

What are freezing condition?

A

OAT or TAT >= 3°C and there is visible moisture (cloud, fog, rain, snow,standing water…)

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15
Q

Is thin hoarfrost is acceptable?

A

Yes on the upper surface of the fuselage provided all ports and vents are clear (able to see the painting below the frost)

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16
Q

What are GAFI or OFI?

A

Ground accumulated Fan blade Ice and Operational Fan blade Ice: Removed using low pressure warm air or by applying a light film approved de-ice fluid using clean fuid-soaked cloth. BUT NOT BY SPRAYING THE FLUID.

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17
Q

CSFF Cold Soak Fuel Frost?

A

Layer of ice frost on upper or lower wing caused by cold soaked fuel in contact with the upper surface of the wing cooling the surface towards the fuel temp.

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18
Q

Takeoff on with CSFF on the upperwing?

A

Yes, provided all the conditions below are met:
1- CSFF is only within the black lines with no ice or frost on the leading edge or control surface
2- OAT >= 4°C
3- No precipitation or visible moisture
4- Tank fuel temperature >= -16°C

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19
Q

Takeoff on with CSFF on the lowerwing?

A

Yes, provided all the conditions below are met:
1- OAT >= 4°C
2- Tank fuel temperature >= -16°C
3- All leading edge devices, controle surfaces, tab surfaces, winglets must be free of of snow/ice.
IF ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE NOT MET , TAKEOFF ALLOWED WITH A LIGHT COATING OF FROST (3mm)

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20
Q

A/C configuration for de/anti-icing procedure

A

Flaps up, and Stab trim to takeoff trim or 5 units.
APU and engine bleed must be switched off to avoid fumes in the cabin.
If possible avoid APU operation.

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21
Q

De/Anti-icing fluids use in our operation?

A

Type 1 (Orange): Only for de-icing and short HOT
Type 2: (Translucent): Increasing the concentration of fluid/water ratio increase the HOT
Type 4: (Green): Increasing the concentration of fluid/water ratio increase the HOT.

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22
Q

Lowest Operational Use Temperature (LOUT)

A

Lowest temperature to facilitate the flow of the fluid on the surface (7°C below OAT)
LOUT IS AFFECTED BY MIX RATIO WATER/FLUID

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23
Q

Alternate methods of removal of contamination for and how?

Study These Flashcards
A

1- Landing gear
2- flight deck window
3- radom area
4- engine inlet etc…

Low pressure hot air or manual methods

24
Q

What is one step de/anti-icing?

Study These Flashcards
A

It is an application of fluid to both remove contamination and to provide a protective layer using one fluid type.
HOT calculated when application start.

25
What is two step de/anti-icing?
Used when there is a thick layer of contamination or icing condition are forecasted before TO. 1- Removal of contaminant with hot water or low concentration fluid 2- Application of more concentrated fluid to provide protection. (Max 3min after 1st step). HOT calculated from the start of 2nd step.
26
De-icing using 100% hot water.
1- No freezing conditions 2- Wing skin temp > 0°C 3- OAT >= 10°C 4- Water heated at 60°C min 5- No HOT required 6- Duty pilot contacted and filled ASR
27
What is freezing rain?
Consist of supercooled liquid water particles wich freeze upon impact to form a glaze of ice upon the ground or exposed surface.
28
When do you need to cycle the flaps?
Check only when required for full travel when aircraft has been exposed to freezing precipitation (snow, slush, ice, FZDZ, FZRA or rain or on a cold soaked airframe) following a prolonged stop (> 45 min)
29
Within how many minutes do you have to be airborne after pre take off contamination check?
Within 5 min prior to Take Off.
30
When do we select wing and engine anti ice on the OPT?
ENG + WING on OPT is only required if wing anti ice is expected to be used after Take Off and below MSA.
31
Cold temperature correction?
Should be applied when temperature on the ground will be 0°C or less. SID/ STAR stop altitudes at or below the temperature corrected MSA shall be corrected. ATC shall be informed. Automatically applied to OPT MFRH
32
When do you use techlog card?
Used to check the frost thickness on the lower wing => max 3mm
33
Aircraft has been compressor washed, what is your plan?
You have to consider an No Engine Bleed Take Off.
34
Explain the part of the freezing conditions checklist and how we action it?
Before taxi checklist// De/anti-icing// Before Take Off checklist// Shutdown checklist freezing conditions. Before taxing is done normally and the rest of the checklist is done reading.
35
What is different on before taxi checklist?
Recycling of the flaps and FO clips the checklist to tehe control column. You may as well delay the controls check.
36
What do you tell to your crew?
You advise the crew that we will have to de-ice on stand or on remote stand. If on remote stand it could be with engine running or not and if engines are running there is a risk of fumes or smell in the cabin. Tell them as well about CSFF and that it is allowed.
37
What do you do when clear to line up?
You may have to perform a static engine run-up. You have to advise ATC. On NG: Minimum of 70% and confirm stable. If possible for 30s On Max: Minimum of 50% for 5s mini. If not stable, reduce slowly to idle thrust, and wait 15s and retry the procedure. If not stablized, do not Take Off.
38
Runway condition 2/2/1, can you take off? What do you do on OPT?
Yes use intersection or reduce TORA.
39
When can you used wing anti-ice after de-icing?
Only if de-iced with type 1 fluid.
40
Contaminated taxiway, any consideration on after landing flow?
Flaps not less than 15 until they have been checked for contamination, STAB TRIM to 5 units and PROBE HEAT ON.
41
What checklist to run if you start engine to go to remote stand to anti-ice.
Before start checklist. Freezing condition checklist. with before taxi checklist freezing condition.
42
Which checklist on remote?
De/anti-icing remote engines shutdown or running. And after start on stand perform the before taxi checklist freezing conditions. And shutdown checklist freezing conditions.
43
Tactile check? When and how?
Post treatment if clear ice was suspected, must be performed by the service provider engines shutdown.
44
Tell me about the fan blade ice shedding procedure on the taxiway?
Use of the special procedure 16. NG: Run up to 70% for 30s MAX: Increase thrust to 50%
45
What do you have to consider for performance after de/anti-icing? why?
Use of reduce thrust is prohibited and full 24K Tail strike prevention
46
Slush at destination 15mm, consideration?
Max 13mm so landing prohibited => diversion And during planning phase choose 2 alternates.
46
Why are we doing remote de-icing with engine shutdown?
When you need tactile check if you suspect clear ice.
47
How much fuel on landing will cause CSFF?
4 tons
48
You fly to ENTO with RWYCC 2; Xwind 17kts; and dry snow 4mm, thoughts?
Max crosswind limit for landing with RCC 2 is 17 kts. We are at the limitation. We have to be ready to go around in case of the crosswind increase. Choose 2 alternates during planning phase.
49
When selecting the fluids for anti-icing you find 2 HOT? How do you choose?
Lowest HOT for moderate precipitation and highest HOT for light precipitation.
50
Main threat with de/anti-icing?
Fumes and smoke in the cabin with incorrect config.
51
What is the difference between 1 step and 2 step de-icing? Why one or another?
1 step = De-icing and anti-icing in the same time 2 step= De-icing and then anti-icing. 1 step is cheaper but 2 steps provides a better HOT. So it depends on the outside condition and on the contamination.
52
How would you calculate the HOT for heavy moderate snow?
Choosing the good column in the HOT table. You should have used Type 2 or Type IV undiluted.
53
How do we know the intensity of the snowing?
With snowtam and according to the table in the HOT table.
54
Considerations if you must de-ice with no engines Take Off?
Do not forget to perform the no engine bleed take off and after take off checklist. And inform the cabin they may have some fumes in the cabin (APU bleed)
55
What temperature is de-icing based on? OAT or wing temp?
You have to use to use the lowest of OAT and wing temperature. LOUT Allow to choose the best concentration.
56
If you have to go back to stand after HOT expires, what is important that you do?
Freezing condition checklist and ask for inspection, re-treatment and determination of dispatch and HOT requirements.
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