WK5 : Intelligence

Question 1

What is IQ

Answer 1

• Intelligence Quotient
• an index of an individual’s intelligence score

Question 2

Francis Galton

Answer 2

• Intelligence is a product of natural selection, genetically determined.
• First person who came up with concept of intelligence

Question 3

Binet and Simon:

Answer 3

• First IQ tests created for gauging students’ academic potential.
• IQ tests introduced to address biases and measure intelligence more objectively.

Question 4

Stamford-Binet scale

Answer 4

• Revised Binet’s test at Stanford, introduced IQ score (Intelligence Quotient) to compare mental and chronological ages
• Explored intelligence development over the lifespan.

Question 5

Cyrill Burt

Answer 5

• British advocate for aptitude tests to decide grammar school admission.
• Highly biased and racist views; linked intelligence to genetics and white upper class.
• Claimed occupational and social class tied to innate intelligence

Question 6

More recent IQ tests

Answer 6

• WISC ( Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children)
• WASI ( Wechsler Adult Scale for Intelligence)
• Include verbal and non-verbal tests (crystalised and fluid intelligence)

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

Genetic make-up of an organism

Question 8

Phenotype

Answer 8

• Observable physical properties of an organism, including appearance, development, and behavior.
• Influenced by both genotype and environment.
• Measured in IQ tests.

Question 9

Degree of genetic relatedness

Answer 9

Studying people with different family connections helps grasp the genetic basis of a concept.

Question 10

Atheoritical definition of intelligence

Answer 10

Intelligence is what the IQ test measures

Question 11

Correlation

Answer 11

Statistical test and term that examines the relationship between 2 or more variables

Question 12

Generalised intelligence

Answer 12

Single construct influencing all cognitive functions.

Question 13

Crystallised intelligence

Answer 13

Knowledge that comes from prior learning and past experiences

Question 14

Fluid intelligence

Answer 14

• a persons inherent capacity to learn and solve problems
• when you encounter a new problem that cannot be solved with your existing knowledge, you rely on fluid intelligence to solve it