Word Elements A - O Flashcards by Caroline Ippolito

without; not

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ab-

from; away from

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abdomin/o

abdomen

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abort/o

to miscarry

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-ac

Pertaining to

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acid/o

acid

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acous/o

hearing

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acr/o

extremity

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acromi/o

acromion (projection of the scapula)

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-cusis

hearing

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ad-

toward

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toward

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aden/o

gland

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adenoid/o

adenoids

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adip/o

fat

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adren/o

adrenal glands

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adrenal/o

adrenal glands

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aer/o

air

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af-

toward

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agglutin/o

clumping, gluing

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agora-

marketplace

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-al

pertaining to

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albin/o

white

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albumin/o

albumin (protein)

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-algesia

pain

algia

pain

allo-

other, differing from the normal

alveol/o

alveolus; air sac

ambly/o

dull, dim

amni/o

amnion (amniotic sac)

an-

without; not

an/o

anus

ana-

against; up; back

andr/o

male

aneurysm/o

widened blood vessel

angi/o

vessel (usually blood or lymph)

aniso-

unequal; dissimilar

ankyl/o

stiffness; bent, crooked

ante-

before, in front of

anter/o

anterior, front

anthrac/o

coal, coal dust

anti-

against

aort/o

aorta

append/o

appendix

appendic/o

appendix

aque/o

water

-ar

pertaining to

arche

beginning

arteri/o

artery

arteriol/o

arteriole

arthr/o

joint

-ary

pertaining to

asbest/o

asbestos

-asthemia

weakness, debility

astr/o

star

-ate

having the form of; possessing

atel/o

incomplete; imperfect

ather/o

fatty plaque

-ation

process (of)

atri/o

atrium

audi/o

hearing

audit/o

hearing

aur/o

ear

auricul/o

ear

auto-

self, own

ax/o

axis; axon

azot/o

nitrogenous compounds

bacteri/o

bacteria (singular, bacterium)

balan/o

glans penis

bas/o

base (alkaline, opposite of acid)

bi-

two

bi/o

life

bil/i

bile, gall

-blast

embryonic cell

blast/o

embryonic cell

blephar/o

eyelid

brachi/o

arm

brachy-

short

brady-

slow

bronch/o

bronchus (plural, bronchi)

bronchi/o

bronchus (plural, bronchi)

bronchiol/o

bronchiole

bucc/o

cheek

calc/o

calcium

calcane/o

calcaneum (heel bone)

capnia

carbon dioxide (CO2)

carcin/o

cancer

cardi/o

heart

-cardia

heart condition

carp/o

carpus (wrist bones)

cata-

down

caud/o

tail

cauter/o

heat, burn

cec/o

cecum

-cele

hernia; swelling

-centesis

surgical puncture

cephal/o

head

ceps

head

-ception

conceiving

cerebell/o

cerebellum

cerebr/o

cerebrum

cervic/o

neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)

chalic/o

limestone

cheil/o

lip

chem/o

chemical; drug

chlor/o

green

chol/e

bile, gall

cholangi/o

bile vessel

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

choledoch/o

bile duct

chondr/o

cartilage

chori/o

chorion

choroid/o

choroid | Note pigmented vascular layer of eyeball between retina and sclera

chrom/o

color

chromat/o

color

-cide

killing

cine-

movement

circum-

around

cirrh/o

yellow

-cision

a cutting

-clasia

to break; surgical fracture

-clasis

to break; surgical fracture

-clast

to break; surgical fracture

clavicul/o

clavicle (collar bone)

-cleisis

closure

clon/o

clonus (turmoil)

-clysis

irrigation, washing

coccyg/o

coccyx (tailbone)

cochle/o

cochlea

col/o

colon

colon/o

colon

colp/o

vagina

condyl/o

condyle

coni/o

dust

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

-continence

to hold back

contra-

against; opposite

cor/o

pupil

core/o

pupil

corne/o

cornea

coron/o

heart

corp/o

body

corpor/o

body

cortic/o

cortex

cost/o

ribs

crani/o

cranium (skull)

crin/o

secrete

-crine

secrete

cruci/o

cross

cry/o

cold

crypt/o

hidden

culd/o

cul-de-sac

-cusia

hearing

-cusis

hearing

cutane/o

skin

cyan/o

blue

cycl/o

ciliary body of the eye; circular; cycle

-cyosis

pregnancy

cyst/o

bladder

cyt/o

cell

-cyte

cell

dacry/o

tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

dacryocyst/o

lacrimal sac

dactyl/o

fingers; toes

de-

cessation

dendr/o

tree

dent/o

teeth

derm/o

skin

-derma

skin

dermat/o

skin

-desis

binding, fixation (of a bone or joint)

di-

double

dia-

through; across

dipl-

double

dipl/o

double

dips/o

thirst

dipsia

thirst

dist/o

far, farthest

dors/o

back (of the body)

duct/o

to lead; carry

-duction

act of leading, bringing, conducting

duoden/o

duodenum (first part of the small intestine)

dur/o

dura mater; hard

-dynia

pain

dys-

bad; painful; difficult

eal

pertaining to

ec-

out; out from

echo-

a repeated sound

ectasis

dilation, expansion

ecto-

outside; outward

-ectomy

excision, removal

-edema

swelling

ef-

away from

electr/o

electricity

-ema

state of; condition

embol/o

embolus (plug)

-emesis

vomiting

-emia

blood condition

emphys/o

to inflate

en-

in, within

encephal/o

brain

end-

in, within

endo-

in, within

enter/o

intestine (usually small intestine)

eosin/o

dawn (rose-colored)

epi-

above; upon

epididym/o

epididymis

epiglott/o

epiglottis

episi/o

vulva

erythem/o

red

erythemat/o

red

erythr/o

red

eschar/o

scab

-esis

condition

eso-

inward

esophag/o

esophagus

esthes/o

feeling

-esthesia

feeling

eti/o

cause

eu-

good; normal

ex-

out; out from

exo-

outside; outward

extra-

outside

faci/o

face

fasci/o

band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)

femor/o

femur (thigh bone)

-ferent

to carry

fibr/o

fiber, fibrous tissue

fibul/o

fibula (smaller bone of the lower leg)

fluor/o

luminous, fluorescent

galact/o

milk

gangli/o

ganglion (knot or knotlike mass)

gastr/o

stomach

-gen

forming, producing; origin

gen/o

forming, producing; origin

-genesis

forming, producing; origin

genit/o

genitalia

gest/o

pregnancy

gingiv/o

gum(s)

glauc/o

gray

gli/o

glue; neuroglial tissue

-glia

glue; neuroglial tissue

globin

protein

glomerul/o

glomerulus

gloss/o

tongue

glott/o

glottis

gluc/o

sugar, sweetness

glucos/o

sugar, sweetness

glyc/o

sugar, sweetness

glycos/o

sugar, sweetness

gnos/o

knowing

-gnosis

knowing

gon/o

seed (ovum or spermatozoon)

gonad/o

gonads, sex glands

-grade

to go

-graft

transplantation

-gram

record, writing

granul/o

granule

-graph

instrument for recording

-graphy

process of recording

-gravida

pregnant woman

gyn/o

woman, female

gynec/o

woman, female

hallucin/o

hallucination

hedon/o

pleasure

hem/o

blood

hemangi/o

blood vessel

hemat/o

blood

hemi-

one half

hepat/o

liver

hetero-

different

hidr/o

sweat

hist/o

tissue

histi/o

tissue

home/o

same, alike

homeo-

same, alike

homo-

same

humer/o

humerus (upper arm bone)

hydr/o

water

hyp-

under, below; deficient

hyp/o

under, below; deficient

hyper-

excessive; above normal

hypn/o

sleep

hypo-

under, below; deficient

hyster/o

uterus (womb)

-ia

condition

iac

pertaining to

-iasis

abnormal condition (produced by something specified)

iatr/o

physician; medicine; treatment

-iatry

medicine; treatment

-ic

pertaining to

-ical

pertaining to

-icd

noun ending

ichthy/o

dry; scaly

-ician

specialist

icle

small, minute

-icterus

jaundice

idi/o

unknown; peculiar

ile

pertaining to

ile/o

ileum (third part of the small intestine)

ili/o

ilium (lateral, flaring portion of the hip bone)

im-

not

immun/o

immune, immunity, safe

in-

in; not

ine

pertaining to

infer/o

lower, below

infra-

below, under

inguin/o

groin

insulin/o

insulin

inter-

between

intestin/o

intestine

intra-

in, within

ion

the act of

;ior

pertaining to

irid/o

iris

noun ending

isch/o

to hold back; block

ischi/o

ischium (lower portion of the hip bone)

ism

condition

iso-

same; equal

ist

specialist

isy

state of; condition

itic

pertaining to

it is

inflammation

ive

pertaining to

-ization

process (of)

jaund/o

yellow

jejun/o

jejunum (second part of the small intestine)

kal/i

potassium (an electrolyte)

kary/o

nucleus

kerat/o

horny tissue; hard; cornea

ket/o

ketone bodies (acids and acetones)

keton/o

ketone bodies (acids and acetones)

kinesi/o

movement

-kinesia

movement

kinet/o

movement

kyph/o

humpback

labi/o

lip

labyrinth/o

labyrinth (inner ear)

lacrim/o

tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

lact/o

milk

-lalia

speech, babble

lamin/o

lamina (part of vertebral arch)

lapar/o

abdomen

laryng/o

larynx (voice box)

later/o

side; to one side

lei/o

smooth

leiomy/o

smooth muscle (visceral)

-lepsy

seizure

lept/o

thin, slender

leuk/o

white

lingu/o

tongue

lip/o

fat

lipid/o

fat

-listhesis

slipping

-lith

stone, calculus

lith/o

stone, calculus

lob/o

lobe

log/o

study of

-logist

specialist in the study of

-logy

study of

lord/o

curve, swayback

-lucent

to shine; clear

lumb/o

loins (lower back)

lymph/o

lymph

lymphaden/o

lymph gland (node)

lymphangi/o

lymph vessel

lysis

separation; destruction; loosening

macro-

large

mal-

bad

-malacia

softening

mamm/o

breast

-mania

state of mental disorder, frenzy

mast/o

breast

mastoid/o

mastoid process

maxill/o

maxilla (upper jaw bone)

meat/o

opening, meatus

medi-

middle

medi/o

middle

mediastin/o

mediastinum

medull/o

medulla

mega-

enlargement

megal/o

enlargement

-megaly

enlargement

melan/o

black

men/o

menses, menstruation

mening/o

meninges (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

meningi/o

meninges (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

ment/o

mind

meso-

middle

meta-

change; beyond

metacarp/o

metacarpus (hand bones)

metatars/o

metatarsus (foot bones)

-meter

instrument for measuring

metr/o

uterus (womb); measure

metri/o

uterus (womb)

-metry

act of measuring

mi/o

smaller; less

micr/o

small

micro-

small

mono-

one

morph/o

form, shape; structure

muc/o

mucus

multi-

many, much

muscul/o

muscle

mut/a

genetic change

my/o

muscle

myc/o

fungus (plural, fungi)

mydr/o

widen, enlarge

myel/o

bone marrow; spinal cord

myos/o

muscle

myring/o

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

myx/o

mucus

narc/o

stupor; numbness; sleep

nas/o

nose

nat/o

birth

natr/o

sodium (an electrolyte)

necr/o

death, necrosis

neo-

new

nephr/o

kidney

neur/o

nerve

neutr/o

neutral; neither

nid/o

nest

noct/o

night

nucle/o (kary/o)

nucleus

nulli-

none

nyctal/o

night

obstetr/o

midwife

ocul/o

eye

odont/o

teeth

-oid

resembling

-ole

small, minute

olig/o

scanty

-oma

tumor

omphal/o

navel (umbilicus)

onc/o

tumor

onych/o

nail

oophor/o

ovary

-opaque

obscure

ophthalm/o

eye

-opia

vision

-opsia

vision

-opsy

view of

opt/o

eye, vision

optic/o

eye, vision

or/o

mouth

orch/o

testis (plural, testes)

orchi/o

testis (plural, testes)

orchid/o

testis (plural, testes)

-orexia

appetite

orth/o

straight

-ory

pertaining to

-ose

pertaining to; sugar

-osis

abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)

-osmia

smell

oste/o

bone

ot/o

ear

ous

pertaining to

ovari/o

ovary

ox/i

oxygen

ox/o

oxygen

-oxia

oxygen

TO TURN "A" TO PLURAL

Retain a and add e.' EX: PLEURA AND PLEURAE

TO TURN "AX" TO PLURAL

Drop x and add ces. EX: THORAX AND THORACES

TO TURN "EN" TO PLURAL

Drop en and add ina.EX: LUMEN AND LUMINA

TO TURN "IS" TO PLURAL

Drop is and add es. EX: DIAGNOSIS AND DIAGNOSES

TO TURN "IX" TO PLURAL

Drop ix and add ices. EX: APPENDIX AND APPENDICES

TO TURN "EX" TO PLURAL

Drop ex and add ices. EX: APEX AND APICES

TO TURN "MA" TO PLURAL

Retain ma and add ta. EX: CARCINOMA AND CARCINOMATA

TO TURN "ON" TO PLURAL

Drop on and add a. EX: GANGLION AND GANGLIA

TO TURN "UM" TO PLURAL

Drop um and add a. EX: BACTERIUM AND BACTERIA

TO TURN "US" TO PLURAL

Drop us and add i. EX: BRONCHUS AND BRONCHI

TO TURN "Y" TO PLURAL

Drop y and add ies. EX: DEFORMITY AND DEFORMITIES

Word Elements A - O Flashcards

(473 cards)