WS/EO3 : Active Optics Systems

Question 1

Define LASER

Answer 1

A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical
amplification based on the stimulated emission of photons.

Question 2

Expand the acronym LASER

Answer 2

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

Question 3

Explain the operation of a LASER.

Answer 3

• appropriately triggering an active laser medium which causes excited atoms to be stimulated and radiate laser light at a specific frequency.
• electrons at a certain energy level drop back to lower energy levels, energy is released in the form of photons or quanta of light.
• These quanta of light vary depending on the type of atoms (laser medium) used.
• The more levels these electrons drop, the more energy is released making the laser more powerful.
• A laser may be referred to as a 3 or 4 level laser referring to the number of ionisation levels the electrons are excited to and subsequently lowered to.

Question 4

List the military applications of LASER’s

Answer 4

• Range finder
• Signalling (Illuminator)
• Disrupt optical devices of adversary
• Weapon designator
• Optical warner
• Energy weapons (IBCM intercept)
• Underwater communications (Submarine)

Question 5

Limitations of LASER systems

Answer 5

– Line of Sight (LOS) only
– Weather degradation (Cloud)
– Environmental attenuation (Haze, smoke, dust particles)
– Entrapment (Concave – Tunnels/caves)