WW1

Question 1

What are the steps to account for the perspective of a source?

Answer 1

1) Who's perspective is it?
    Person: who are they
    Position: role in society 
    Provenance: when and where
2) What is the message?
    What does the person think about the issue?
3) Why is the message needed?

Question 2

What does ‘Assess the value of Source A’ mean?

Answer 2

You don’t need to comment on limitations.

Question 3

What was the Battle of Paschendale?

Answer 3

Paschendale

• July 1917
• German vs British
• Aimed to get access to sea ports
• The town of Ypres were most of the fighting took place was all but destroyed
• Quagmire: men drowned in the mud

Question 4

What was the Battle of Verdun?

Answer 4

Verdun

• February - November 1916
• German offensive on Verdun, which had symbolic value to the French and so the Germans knew they wouldn’t abandon it
• ‘Bleed the French white’
• French victory

Question 5

What was the result of Verdun?

Answer 5

Verdun results

• Many soldiers suffered from shell shock (the Germans fired 1 million shells on the French)
• New weapons used: phosgene gas and flamethrowers
• 500 000 French casualties
• 400 000 German casualties

Question 6

What was the Battle of the Somme?

Answer 6

Somme

• July 1916
• Aimed to relieve pressure from the French at Verdun
• Masses of artillery fire which was wholly ineffective due to the strength of the German trenches
• British soldiers were machine gunned and gased
• Tanks were used for the first time but were ineffective
• Enormous casualties: 1 million for the British

Question 7

Describe the application of total war in Germany

Answer 7

• KRA was established, which controlled labour and all war materials
• British naval blockade prevented Germany from receiving imports, resulting in shortages
• Offices were set up to control rationing eg Imperial Potato Office
• Stock market was closed
• Paper bills were printed resulting in inflation
• By the end of the war Germany was in massive debt

Question 8

Describe the application of total war in Britain

Answer 8

• Less authoritarian than Germany, so the application of total war occurred more slowly
• Many people felt the war would be over quickly
• ‘Eat less bread’ campaign to combat food shortages
• Regulated food prices
• Working hours increased
• Increased tax (30% of a persons income by 1918)
• They were required to borrow money from the US, which eventually resulted in the US becoming the most dominant economy

Question 9

When was WW1?

Answer 9

August 1914 - November 1918

Question 10

Describe the role of women in Britain during the war

Answer 10

• As the majority of able-bodied men became part of the army, women had to step into the previously male dominated industries
• Were not given the same pay for the same jobs
• Rough conditions in the factories
• The total number of women employed increased as women from all levels of society needed to aid the war effort
• Reverted to the status quo after the war