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WW2 test Flashcards

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1
Q

1861-1865

A

The civil war

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2
Q

1867-1877

A

Reconstruction

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3
Q

1896

A

plessy v. ferguson

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4
Q

1898

A

Spanish-american war

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5
Q

1914-1918

A

WW1

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6
Q

1920

A

the 19th amendment ratified

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7
Q

1929

A

the great Depression begins

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8
Q

1941-1945

A

US involvement in WW2

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9
Q

1950

A

The Korean war begins

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10
Q

1954

A

school desegregation ordered

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11
Q

Benito Mussolini

A

Was a dictator in Italy during the fascist period until he was overthrow in 1943(founded fascist party)

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12
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

Led the Soviet union in WW2

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13
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

Dictator in Germany in WW2. Began the Nazi regime, used propaganda, believed there was one superior race and Jews were not that race. Created a book called Mein Kampf.

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14
Q

Japan

A

Japan at this time believed in militarism which is the belief in a strong military and believed that the strength of the military marked the strength of the nation.

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15
Q

Isolationism

A

There was debate surrounding this during the 1940 presidential election.

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16
Q

Nye committee

A

chaired by Gerald Nye. It investigated financial and banking interests that underlay in U.S. involvement in WW1.

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17
Q

Neutrality act of 1935

A

made it illegal for the Americans to sell arms to any country at war.

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18
Q

Axis Powers

A

Germany, Italy, and Japan

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19
Q

Neutrality act of 1937

A

required all non-military supplies to be bought from the United States on a cash and carry basis

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20
Q

What did Roosevelt support?

A

Internationalism: The idea that trade between nations creates prosperity and prevents war.

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21
Q

Why does Hitler start to defy the treaty of versailles?

A

to regain European world prominence after last defeat and to gain land

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22
Q

How does Hitler start to defy the treaty of versailles?

A

building a new military

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23
Q

The Austrian Anschluss

A

1937, Hitler called for unification of all German people. Later sent troops into Austria and announced the Anschluss or unification of Austria and Germany

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24
Q

The Munich crisis

A

Hitler announced claims to Sudetenland and at the munich conference on September 29, 1938 Britain and France agreed to his terms( this is known as appeasement)

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25
What did Hitler demand after the Munich conference?
the city of Danzig in Poland. This demand convinced Britinand France that war was inevitable.
26
Who formed a pact with Germany?
Germany and the Soviet Union formed a nonaggression pact.
27
The fall of France
Germany went around the Maginot line and trapped allied forces in Belgium
28
The Miracle at Dunkirk
Allied forces stuck in Belgium and need to get out by sea, the only port that Germany hadn't taken was Dunkirk. Hitler ordered German forces to stop when they were closing in on Dunkirk. This gave the British time to strengthen there lines and evacuate. Ships rescued many(338,000) at Dunkirk.
29
Battle of Britain
air battle between the Luftwaffe and the royal air force. Started in June 1940 and lasted to the fall. Britain won because of radar.
30
How does FDR support England at first?
"Cash and carry basis", destroyers for bases.
31
what was the destroyers for bases deal?
FDR gave Britain 50 of the old U.S. destroyers and in return the U.S. was given American bases in British controlled newfoundland, Bermuda, and Islands in the Caribbean.
32
America First committee
Isolationist group that opposed U.S. intervention in the war. Committees members included Charles Lindbergh and Senator Gerald Nye.
33
Eugenics and support for the Nazis
Hitler believe that there was a superior race in Germany called the Aryans and he wanted to make it so that was the only race in Germany.
34
lend-lease act
allowed the U.S. to lend or lease arms to any country deemed vital to the defense of the U.S.
35
Hemispheric defense zone
FDR declared that the western half of the atlantic is part of the western hemisphere so it is neutral. This made it easier to transport goods to Britain.
36
Atlantic charter
FDR and Churchill met on american and British warships near newfoundland in August 1941. They committed both nations to a postwar world of democracy, free trade, economic advancement, and freedom of the seas.
37
Reuben James
American destroyer that sank after being torpedoed by German u-boats, killing 115 sailors
38
what did Congress give FDR the power to do in 1940?
restrict strategic materials
39
why did FDR apply economic pressure on Japan?
to hinder aggression against Britain
40
What did the Japanese do when FDR began putting economic pressure on them?
They signed an alliance with the axis powers.
41
What did FDR do when Japanese forces went to Indochina, posing a direct threat against Britain.
He froze all Japanese assets in the US, reduced the amount of oil being shipped to Japan, and sent General Douglas MacArthur to the Philippines to build up American defenses there. He said that the oil embargo would only end if the Japanese left Indochina.
42
Pearl Harbor
Japans surprise attack on the U.S. on december,7,1941: sank or damaged eight battleships, three cruisers, four destroyers, and six other vessels. The attack also destroyed 188 airplanes and killed 2,403 Americans. Another 1,178 were injured.
43
who is general Douglass MacArthur?
Was the leader in the fight in Bataan. Was evacuated when they were stuck there and many people didn't like him.
44
What was the bataan death march?
When in a fight with the Japanese the american troops were backed on to the bataan peninsula. When they were captured they were forced to march 65 miles to a Japanese prison camp.
45
Who hadn't surrendered after the troops on the Bataan peninsula?
A small force held out on the island of Corregidor in manila bay but surrendered in may 1942.
46
What was the Doolittle raid and what was its impact?
The Doolittle raid was a raid on Tokyo by the U.S. using b-25's instead of short range bombers and it was led by James Doolittle. Raised U.S. morale.
47
What was the Battle of the Coral Sea and its impact?
after breaking Japanese code the U.S. received a message that Japanese was going to attack new guinea. U.S. carriers Lexington and Yorktown intercepted the Japanese attack. American attacks prevented the Japanese from landing in new guinea.
48
The Battle of Midway and its impact
U.S. discovered that the Japanese were going to attack midway so U.S. forces ambushed the Japanese. Was a good turning point in the war for the U.S.
49
Reasons the U.S. started attacking in North Africa?
They wanted to attack the periphery of the German empire.
50
who was General Erwin Rommel?
a brilliant leader whose success earned him the nickname “Desert Fox”. He commanded the German forces in the area, known as the “Afrika Korps.”
51
Which commanders pushed the Germans out of North Africa?
General Dwight D. Eisenhower and General George Patton.
52
What were ways of keeping cargo ships safe from German subs?
Blackouts in cities and convoy systems.
53
Convoy systems
Cargo ships traveled in groups escorted by navy warships.
54
What kind of tech was used against submarines?
American airplanes and warships began to use new technology, including radar, sonar, and depth charges, to locate and attack sub- marines.
55
why was the Battle of Stalingrad a turning point in the war.
The Battle of Stalingrad put the Germans on defensive
56
Why did the Germans lose the Battle of Stalingrad?
they were not equipped to fight in the cold.
57
58
Casablanca conference
Roosevelt and Churchill agreed to step up the bombing of Germany.
59
Impact of strategic bombing on Germany?
caused severe oil damage and wrecked the railroad system.
60
when Americans attacked Sicily what happened?
US drove the germans out.
61
What was the affect of the U.S. taking Sicily on Italy.
created a crisis in Italy. Mussolini arrested
62
what was the Tehran conference
roosevelt Churchill and Stalin met in Tehran, Iran
63
What was operation overlord?
Invasion of France led by general Eisenhower.
64
what was the longest day
the longest day was when allied troops landed on different beaches in Normandy to take france and the operation succeeded.
65
FDR's leadership
Talked to people over the radio. Inspired the country to do more.
66
Industrial production
Production increased and auto mobile factories turned into war production factories.
67
Women at war
Women worked in war production factories
68
Jobs and civilian involvement
. everyone was involved in the war effort . factories .rationing(gas)
69
What happened to Japanese americans during WW2
Japanese Americans moved to internment camps
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