Why is collaboration in science important?
Scientists can combine expertise and knowledge, check each other’s findings, share resources, and speed up discoveries.
What unit is mass measured in?
Kilograms (kg).
What unit is height measured in?
Metres (m).
What is a force?
A push or pull that makes objects accelerate, decelerate, change direction, or change shape.
What are the two types of forces?
Contact forces and non-contact forces.
What is friction?
A contact force that opposes motion between surfaces.
What is buoyancy?
The upward force acting on an object submerged in a fluid.
What is a normal force?
A contact force acting perpendicular to a surface.
Give examples of non-contact forces.
Gravitational force and magnetic force.
How does distance affect the strength of electrostatic forces?
The greater the distance, the weaker the force.
What are atoms?
The smallest part of matter.
What are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Why are electrons important when observing electricity?
They are the particles that move and create electric current.
What is static electricity?
It occurs when there is an imbalance between positive and negative charges.
What is an electromagnet?
A magnet created when electric current flows through a wire coiled around an iron core.
How can an electromagnet be made stronger?
Increase current, add more wire coils, or use a stronger iron core.
What is a magnetic field?
A region around a magnet where magnetic forces are felt; invisible but shown with iron filings.
What are the seven characteristics of life?
Movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, nutrition.
What does respiration involve?
Releasing energy using oxygen.
What does sensitivity mean?
Responding to changes in the environment.
What are the three parts of modern cell theory?
The cell is the smallest unit of life; all living things are made of cells; all cells come from pre-existing cells.
Why do scientists classify living things?
To make communication easier, understand relationships, identify species, study evolution, and discover new species.
What is classification?
Grouping organisms based on similarities and differences.
What are the five kingdoms of life?
Animals, plants, protists, monera (bacteria), fungi.
