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** Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

**normal lab value of IgA-tTg

A

0 - 3 U/mL, or 0.00 - 100.00 ug/g

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2
Q

**normal lab value of total IgA

A

80 – 350 mg/dL

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3
Q

**What is Sjogren’s syndrome

A

disorder of your immune system identified by its two most common symptoms: dry eyes and mouth

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4
Q

**What is Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)

A

birth defect where you’re born with an open foramen ovale and ducturs arteriosus

↓ developed L ventricle & ↓ developed valves (mitral, aortic) (hole between L&R atria)

  • ASD
  • PFO
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5
Q

**Treatment of Hutchinson-Gliford Progeria

A
  • NSAIDS
  • Statins
  • Bone health meds
  • OT/PT
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6
Q

**Pneumothorax vs hemothorax

A
  • both decrease lung sounds
  • pneumothorax: air between lungs and chest cavity = ↑ percussion
  • hemothorax: blood between lungs and chest cavity = ↓ percussion
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7
Q

**_____ PPD induration = positive

A
  • > 5mm immunocompromised
  • > 10mm for high risk/from countries with TB, prisons, nursing homes, etc.
    15mm everyone
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8
Q

**Meds for TB

A
  • isoniazid
  • *- Rifampin (avoid oral contraceptives)
  • Ethambutol
  • Pyrazinamide
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9
Q

**What 2 diseases cause thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO)

A
  • hashimotos

- graves disease

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10
Q

**hypothyroidism causes _____ TSH and low _____

A
  • high

- low T3/T4

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11
Q

**Tx sickle cell

A
  • pain meds
  • hydration
  • O2
  • hydroxyurea (prevents abn RBCs)
  • avoid iron meds
  • PCN prophylaxis for newborns
  • *- don’t give diuretics
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12
Q

**UTI meds: pregnancy & pediatrics safe

A

Pregnancy:

  • fosfomycin (Monurol)(one-time dose)
  • Floxin
  • PCN
  • Nitrofurantoin

Pediatrics Safe:

  • *- Bactrim (Trimethoprim-Sulfa)
  • Augmentin
  • Cephalosporins
  • Suprax
  • Cefzil
  • Keflex
  • if vomiting = IV dose cephalosporins
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13
Q

**What is tamsulosin (fosamax) used for

A

BPH

  • relaxas muscles
  • alpha-1 antagonist (hypotension education!!!!!)
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14
Q

**5 s/s pleural effusion

A
  • chest pain
  • dry/nonproductive cough
  • dyspnea
  • orthopnea
  • fever
  • *- NO SOB
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15
Q

**when do migraines become chronic

A

**15x/mo

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16
Q

**treatment for migraines

A

botox

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17
Q

**Treatment of antibiotics-induced cellulitis

A
  • *- Start IV antibiotics or continue PO antibiotics
  • Treat fever
  • Educate medication regimen
  • Wrap wound
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18
Q

**What is clonazepam (klonipin) used for

A

anxiety

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19
Q

**What is MS

A

Most common Demyelinating disease that results in damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibers in the brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord.

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20
Q

**Name 3 hormones

A
  • *- ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

- aldosterone (casuses the body to release salt and water = ↓ blood volume = ↓ BP) via Renin-angiotensin system

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21
Q

**What should you monitor when on doxycycline and/or warfarin

22
Q

**What affect does doxycycline have on warfarin (coumadin)

Study These Flashcards
A

increases the affect of it = increase bleeding risk

23
Q

**3 muscle spasm meds

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Antispasmotics:
    • Baclofen (Gablofen)
  • Tizanidine (Zanaflex)
  • Gabapenting (neurontin) d/t it being and anticonvulsant and nerve pain medication
24
Q

**What is Tay-Sachs (GM2 gangliosidosis)

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A
  • Lack of enzyme that breaks down fatty substance, building up toxic levels in the brain and affect the function of the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
  • *- destroys nerve cells in brain/spinal cord
  • Loss of muscle control, cherry-red spots in the eyes
  • Loss of motor skills, such as turning over, crawling, and sitting up.
  • loss of vision/hearing loss
25
**Who does Tay-Sachs affect the most & why
Ashkenazi Jewish | - b/c they lack enzyme that ↓ down fatty substances/allows toxic build up in the brain
26
**s/s asthma
* *- dry cough & wheezing - breathing through the mouth - chest pressure - increased HR - throat irritation
27
**First line meds for uncomplicated HTN
Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)
28
**If CKD in stage 3, start on _____
amlodipine (norvasc)
29
**Depression: what should you add to meds
cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)
30
What is tamoxifen and what can is cause
It is a hormonal tx for breast cancer: It can cause cancer of the uterus (womb), strokes, and blood clots in the lungs
31
Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease that impacts the lungs and digestive system and...
pancreas
32
Can you have BB with lung conditions
No! Beta-2 blockers result in bronchoconstriction
33
Ulcerative Colities affects the _____ and _____ colon and is diagnosed through a _____
- rectum - sigmoid - colonoscopy
34
GFR is rated as severe when it is in the range of _____
15-19 (stage 4)
35
What medications to give for UTI in young and healthy
trimethoptrim/sulfamethoxazole (bactrim)
36
Cystic fibrosis leads to
- ↓ serum sodium - CF-associated DM - pancreatitis.
37
Treating insomnia: - stop _____ by 5pm, decrease distractions, and use a _____ _____ tablet at bedtime
- caffeine | - 5mg melatonin
38
What to use for migraines
botox
39
T/F: Studies to date clearly indicate the effectiveness of acupuncture for alleviating cancer pain
False. Studies do not clearly indicate
40
Cystib fibrosis affects the _____ causing secretions into the _____
- pancreas | - lungs
41
Start initial dose of warfarin _____ _____ to monitor the effects, titrate dose to INR to _____, and make sure to monitor closely with _____ tx.
- at half - 2.1 - abx
42
T/F: thiazide diuretics are used in CKD and sickle cell patients
FALSE! Do NOT use diuretics to treat htn in CKD or sickle cell pts
43
What conditions does TPO check for
- graves (hyperthyroid) | - hashimotos (hypothyroid)
44
Describe TSH and T3/T4 levels in hypo/hyperthryroid
``` Hypo = ↑TSH = ↓T3/T4 Hyper = ↓TSH = ↑T3/T4 ```
45
Fragile X syndrome can cause _____
ataxia
46
Prader Willi Sx is caused by deletions of chromosome _____ from _____
- 15 | - father
47
Treat pediatric UTI with...
bactrim
48
Medication used for neuropathic pain
- cymbalta | - lyrica
49
- main lab test for celiac | - how to dx celiac
- IgA | - small intestinal bx through EGD
50
patient experiencing rigors with immunoglobulin infusion, give _____
demerol (meperidine)
51
Parathyroid gland regulates _____
calcium
52
Kidney stimulates erythropoietin when blood volume is _____
low
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