46. COPD

Question 1

s/s COPD

Answer 1

• difficulty breathing
• cough
• wheezing
• sputum production

Question 2

causes of COPD

Answer 2

• emphysema

- chronic bronchitis

Question 3

describe emphysema

Answer 3

alveoli are destroyed due to irritating gases and particulate matter

Question 4

describe chronic bronchitis

Answer 4

inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the alveoli. Daily cough and sputum production

Question 5

4 tests for COPD

Answer 5

• spirometry or pulmonary function test (PFT) to measure lung function/capacity
• chest xray
• CT scan
• ABGs

Question 6

COPD Meds:

- SABA + theophylline

Answer 6

• relaxes smooth muscles in airway = better air flow
• ↑ effects of LABA or LAMA
• Works quickly for SOB

Question 7

COPD Meds:

- examples of LABA

Answer 7

• formoterol (perforomist)
• salmeterol (severent)
• andacaterol (arcapta)

Question 8

COPD Meds:

- examples of SAMA (short-acting muscarinic antagonists)

Answer 8

ipratropium bromide

Question 9

COPD Meds:

- examples of LAMA (long-acting muscarinic antagonists)

Answer 9

tiotropium (spiriva)

Question 10

COPD Meds:

- examples of PDE4 inhibitors

Answer 10

• roflumilast (daliresp) for chronic bronchitis

- macrolide for former smokers

Question 11

COPD Meds:

- examples of macrolide

Answer 11

• azithromycin (zithromax)
• clarithromycin
• erythromycin

Question 12

Steps of COPD Meds

Answer 12

1. SABA
2. SABA + theophylline
3. LABA
4. SAMA
5. LAMA
6. LAMA then LAMA + LABA
7. LABA + ICS
8. LAMA + LABA + ICS
9. PDE4 inhibitor

Question 13

use LABA + LAMA for _____

Answer 13

dyspnea

Question 14

use LABA + LAMA + ICS for _____

Answer 14

exacerbations