. a pesar de (que)
despite / in spite of (the fact that)
no obstante
nevertheless / nonetheless
por consiguiente
therefore / consequently
por lo cual
for which reason / therefore
en cambio
on the other hand / instead
mientras que
whereas / while (contrast)
aun así
even so / even then
debido a
due to / because of
por culpa de
because of / due to (negative cause)
por ende
thus / therefore (Latin American)
por un lado… por otro lado…
on one hand… on the other hand…
así que
so / therefore
aunque
although / even though
sin embargo
however / nevertheless
en resumen
in summary
en cambio
instead / conversely
asimismo
likewise / also (formal)
por el contrario
on the contrary
de hecho
in fact
en realidad
actually / in truth
por eso
that’s why / therefore
al contrario de
unlike / contrary to
a fin de que
in order that / so that (subjunctive)
con tal de que
provided that / as long as (subjunctive)
