1-BRAIN STUFF

Question 1

cerebral cortex

Answer 1

• surface of the brain
  
  • very uneven
• (outer suface of the brain is associated with higher level processes)
  
  • consciousness
  • thought
  • emotion
  • reasoning
  • language
  • memory

Question 2

gyri (gyrus)

Answer 2

the meat fingers in brain

Question 3

sulci (sulcus)

Answer 3

grooves in the brain

Question 4

longitudinal sulcus

Answer 4

fissure between the two hemispheres

Question 5

corpus collosum

Answer 5

connects the two hemispheres!
allows the left hemisphere to communicate with the right hemisphere!

Question 6

contralaterally

Answer 6

DA BRAIN IR ORGANIZED THIS WAY!!

• left body → right hemisphere
• right body → left hemisphere

Question 7

FRONTAL LOBE

Answer 7

executive functioning
involved in reasoning motor control, emotion, language
extends back to fissure known as central sulcus

has:
-primary motor cortex
-prefrontal cortex
-broca’s area

Question 8

primary motor cortex

Answer 8

• involved in planning and coordinating movement
  
  • the thick finger at the back of the frontal lobe

Question 9

prefrontal cortex

Answer 9

• esponsivle for higher-level cognitive functioning
  
  • the front part of the frontal lobe, excluding the primary motor cortex

Question 10

broca’s area

Answer 10

speech and language production
IN THE FRONTAL LOBE!

Question 11

parietal lobe

Answer 11

involved in processing information from the body’s senses.
- how we move through space and time!! → perception

has somatosensory cortex

Question 12

somatosensory cortex

Answer 12

in PARIETAL LOBE!!
- the finger closest to the front of the lobe
- sensory information!!
- touch, temperature, pain

also organized topographically

Question 13

topographically

Answer 13

organized on brain as you are organized as a person

Question 14

temporal lobe

Answer 14

on side of head, associated with hearing, memory, emotion, and some aspects of language

has primary auditory cortex and wernicke’s area

Question 15

occipital lobe

Answer 15

• contains the primary visual cortex, which is responsible for interpreting incoming visual information.

Question 16

how is the primary visual cortex organized

Answer 16

• retinotopically,
  
  • how you actually see the thing is mirrored by the brain activity seen!!

Question 17

Subcortical Areas of the Forebrain

Answer 17

thalamus
hypothalamus
limbic system
- hippocampus
- amygdala

Question 18

thalamus

Answer 18

• sensory relay for the brain
  
  • All of our senses, with the exception of smell, are routed through the thalamus before being directed to other areas of the brain for processing.

Question 19

The limbic system

Answer 19

• involved in processing both emotion and memory.
  
  • smell projects directly to the limbic system

limbic system contains hippocampus and amygdala

Question 20

hippocampus

Answer 20

• emotions, learning and memory
  
  • recipe card for the memory

Question 21

amygdala

Answer 21

• experience of emotion and in tying emotional meaning to our memories.
• emotion regulation
  
  • especially sensitive to fear and anger
• involved in learning (emotion)

Question 22

hypothalamus

Answer 22

• regulates a number of homeostatic processes
• interface between the nervous system and the endocrine system
• regulation of sexual motivation and behavior.

Question 23

endocrine system

Answer 23

creates the hormones

Question 24

midbrain

Answer 24

neurotransmitters are made in hindbrain!!!!
- substantia nigra
- ventral tegmental area (VTA)
- Raphe Nuclei
- locus coeruleus

Question 25

ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra

Answer 25

- contain cell bodies that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine - both are critical for movement. - Degeneration is involved in Parkinson’s disease. - structures are involved in mood, reward, and addiction

Question 26

Raphe Nuclei

Answer 26

creates serotonin

Question 27

locus coeruleus:

Answer 27

creates norepinephrine

Question 28

HINDBRAIN

Answer 28

unconscious and reflexes! - reticular formation - medulla - pons -cerebellum

Question 29

reticular formation

Answer 29

- projects from the hindbrain through the midbrain up into the forebrain - regulating the sleep/wake cycle, arousal, alertness, and motor activity.

Question 30

medulla

Answer 30

heart beating, blood circulation, breathing

Question 31

pons

Answer 31

relays information from cerebellum to the rest of the brain

Question 32

cerebellum

Answer 32

**receives messages from muscles, tendons, joints, and structures in our ear to control balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills; fine motor skills** - movement begins in motor cortex, but when the signal is refined, this goes to the cerebellum - also thought to be an important area for processing some types of memories. - procedural memory, or memory involved in learning and remembering how to perform tasks