1
Q
You fly from Cardiff which has an actual pressure of 1013 (hec pascal) to Edinburgh at an indicated altitude of 1000ft. What is your altitude over Edinburgh when sea level pressure is 1025 (hec pascal)?
A
1360ft
2
Q
Which of the following statements is true concerning ADC data calculations?
A
The analogue ADC calculates all outputs in 3 modules at the same time
3
Q
What does the slaving annunciator of a compass system indicate?
A
Indicates the difference between flux valve heading and the heading indication
4
Q
Which statement is correct about compass compensation?
A
The deviation is recorded on the ground during a 360 degree turn
5
Q
Which components are used to measure the motion along the aircraft axels?
A
Rate gyro
6
Q
What is the purpose of a stick shaker?
A
To simulate the effect of a real stall on the flight controls
7
Q
Given an aircraft without a pressurised cabin, on which a leak has occurred in the static system while the aircraft is in level flight, which indications do you get?
A
Altimeter shows slightly increasing values
Vertical speed indication shows correct data
Airspeed indicator slightly higher
8
Q
Which flight deck indications occur if the pitot tubes are completely blocked?
A
Airspeed indicators show decreasing values
At higher altitudes - lower values
Lower altitudes - higher values
9
Q
Which parameter has the greatest effect on the static source errors (SSE)?
A
Mach Number
The SSE is the difference between the measured and the real static pressure. Corrected by the ADC (air data computer)
10
Q
Concerning pitot static systems, what happens if there is an increase of water and the traps are already full?
A
Instruments fluctuate, vert speed and alt normal function, airspeed is zero
11
Q
Which of the following statements are true for the pressure transducers used in ADC’s?
A
In a digital ADC same transducer type is used for static and pitot pressure
12
Q
An aircraft is on the ground and the altimeter is set to QNH pressure. What height is displayed?
A
Ground sea level, if QFE would = 0
Airport Elevation
13
Q
Which is correct about the ADIRU?
A
The ADIRU has no pressure transducers but the computational part of the DADC and an IRU are intergrated
14
Q
Why does a vertical gyro required an erection system?
A
Ensure gyro axis is vertical with the reference to the surface of the earth
15
Q
How does the stick shaker move the control coloum?
A
A motor causes the control coloum to vibrate
16
Q
What is deviation?
A
It is the angle between the magnetic north and compass north
Compass
Deviation
Magnetic
Variation
True
17
Q
What is the function of the SSEC circuit in an ADC?
A
The SSEC carries out a temperature compensation for the Mach module
18
Q
Why is there a difference between SAT and TAT indication?
A
During flight the TAT is higher than the SAT due to the effect of ram rise
19
Q
The altimeter is set to the standard reference pressure and the actual sea level pressure decreases during flight, which is true?
A
The pilot must adjust the baro setting to the new sea level pressure
20
Q
Which is indicated by pneumatic airspeed indicators?
A
indicated Air Speed (IAS)
21
Q
What is the purpose of the stick shaker?
A
To simulate the effect of a real stall on the flight controls
22
Q
Why is bandpass filter fitted in the yaw damper computer?
A
To limit any changes for the yaw rate gyro
23
Q
Which auto throttle mode is automatically selected when the autopilot is in the vertical speed mode?
A
Speed mode
24
Q
How can a heading on the control panel be selected?
A
Heading selected mode
25
When are autopilot upper modes available?
Selectable when autopilot is engaged to CMD
26
How does the pilot know when the aircraft is not correctly trimmed?
When a steady elevator deflection is required to maintain a steady altitude
27
Which mode of the thrust rating system provides the maximum thrust value for permanent operation?
Maximum continuous thrust (MCT)
28
What does the autopilot engage interlock monitor?
Monitors all signals the autopilot needs for the inner loop in CMO and CWS
29
Which autopilot controlling mode is used during cruise?
Auto throttle uses speed mode and controls either a selected or FMC calculated speed or Mach number
30
What is the flight director used for?
To assist the pilot to fly the aircraft manually
31
What is required to create a lateral flight plan in the FMC?
The company route number tells the FMC how to create the flight plan from the navigational database
32
What happens if the auto throttle is engaged and a throttle lever is moved manually?
The auto throttle disengages automatically
33
When can the autopilot control the speed of the aircraft?
During decent
34
Why are RF lines used?
To transport radio signals with no interference
35
What is the service interphone used for?
Communicate with mechanics via jacks around the aircraft
36
What’s the frequency 121.5Mhz used for?
VHF emergency frequency
37
Why is an antenna coupler used on a HF communication system?
To make sure the antenna length is electrically married to the frequency in use
38
Which statement correctly represents the relationship of frequency and antenna size?
Higher the frequency, shorter the antenna
39
Which statement is true for ACARS?
It is used for manual and automatic data transfer between the aircraft and the ground in both directions
40
What does the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) record?
Captain, FO and third crew member audio signals and audio from the area mic
41
Why are static discharges fitted to an aircraft?
To discharge high static charges in flight, which generate high voltages and disturb radio reception
42
Which priority sequence is used in a passenger address system?
Cockpit crew, cabin crew, pre recorded announcements and boarding music
43
Which frequency’s does the portable emergency located transmitter (ELT) transmit on?
121.5Mhz, 243Mhz and 406Mhz only
44
Which method is used by the ILS receiver to determine which marker beacon the aircraft is overflying?
Each beacon uses different transmitter frequencies
45
How does DME measure distance?
The time between the interrogation and reply signal is proportional to the distance to the station
46
Where is the weather scanner located?
Located under the nose radome, and transmits the radar beam 180 degrees sweep in front of the aircraft
47
What is the purpose of the two antenna fitted in an ADF system?
Two antenna signals are required to determine correct direction
48
What do the different colours on the weather radar mean?
Red shows worst weather, yellow and green show less severe conditions
49
What is automatic VOR?
VOR frequency is automatically tuned
50
How can the fixed ELT be activated?
It is automatically activated when an acceleration of 5G in the longitudinal axis is exceeded
51
Which is the frequency of the wave length of 20M?
15Mhz
52
Which statement is correct about TCAS?
Detects other traffic if they have active transponders
53
What is the maximum height indicated on a radio altimeter?
2500ft
54
Which height is measured by the radio altimeter?
Height above the ground
55
What is the purpose of the TA settings on the TCAS control panel?
Gives traffic advisories and shows the white and amber traffic lights on the ND. RA’s are not available
56
What is the purpose of fans?
To improve aircraft comms, nav and ATC surveillance
57
What happens when you apply a force to a gyro which acts in the direction of its axis?
It will move in that direction, but there is no change in the direction of the gyro rotational axis
58
Where are the engine instruments located on the flight deck?
They are located in the center instrument panel
59
Why is an over speed warning system fitted?
To give an aural warning when maximum allowable speed is exceeded, independent of the indication
60
When can the autopilot control the speed of the aircraft ?
During cruise
61
Yaw damper deflects in which direction?
The opposite direction of the yaw motion
62
The EFIS display is divided into 2 important areas of information, what are they?
Primary Flight Display (PFD) and Navigation Display (ND)
63
Which method is used to disconnect the auto throttle system?
Pushing either throttle lever disconnect push button
64
What functions does the audio selector panel provide?
It connects the microphone to the selected communication system and all the selected audio signals to the headphones
65
How is the battery of the portable emergency locator transmitter activated?
Automatically when it comes into contact with water
66
How can the accurate position be determined using GPS?
By using ground based radio stations to measure the aircraft position
67
Which method is used by the ILS receiver to determine which marker beacon the aircraft is overflying ?
The morse code is different, but all beacons use the same frequency of 75.0 MHz with the same modulation
68
Why are there two static ports for each static pressure system?
To compensate for pressure differences due to side slip manoeuvres of the aircraft
69
The Underwater Locating Beacon (ULB) is activated?
By water entering the ULB and automatically switching it on
70
Which system will give a warning if the aircraft flies too low an airspeed?
The stall warning system
71
What does it mean when the flight director roll bar moves to the left?
The rudder must be moved to the left
72
How does the FMS determine the current position of the aircraft durning flight?
It calculates the present position from the most reliable sensor (IRS, GPS, radio NAV)
73
Which mode of the auto throttle system is used during take off?
Thrust mode (N1 or EPR)
74
What does the inner loop of an auto pilot control?
It controls the attitude of the aircraft and is always active
75
What happens if the pilot inadvertently operates the manual trim with auto trim engaged?
The auto pilot disconnects and the trim system reverts to manual trim operation
76
Which statement is true for the Flight Management System (FMS)?
It calculates vertical and lateral navigation data for a safe and economical flight
77
Which statement is true for VHF 1?
It can be selected from any Radio Management Panel (RMP).
78
What is automatic VOR?
The bearing is automatically indicated on the RMI or ND
79
Which priority sequence is used in a Passenger Address (PA) amplifier?
1. Cockpit crew
2. Cabin crew
3. Pre recorded announcements
4. Boarding music
80
What is the code 7700 used for?
Code 7700 is an emergency code
81
What is the basic T arrangement?
Airspeed indicator, attitude director indicator, altimeter and horizontal situation indicator.
82
What is the difference between absolute pressure, gauge pressure and differential pressure?
Absolute - compares atmospheric pressure against zero, or a vacuum
Gauge - Compares atmospheric and measured pressure, such as tyre pressure
Differential pressure - compared two different pressures
83
What can a bourdon tube be used for?
To measure pressure
##Footnote
Another method would be to use Aneroid capsules or bellows or strain gauges
84
What does the SSE depend on?
Fuse shape, airspeed, AoA, landing gear position and flaps position
85
Whats an alternative static source selector valve used for?
To allow they pilot to use the co-pilots static pressure system
86
What pressure does the altimeter require?
Static.
87
What is QFH, QFE and QNE?
Question nil height - altitude above sea level
Question field elevation - altitude above runway
Question nil elevation - mean see level, standard pressure setting
##Footnote
They show zero; QNE - FL00, QNH- Sea level, QFE - the runway
88
What does the altimeter measure?
Absolute pressure
##Footnote
The bellow inside will expand when the altitude increases
89
When flying from a high pressure area to a low pressure area, what happens to your true altitude?
Decreases
True height = indicated height - (initial pressure - final pressure) x 30
90
Whats an advantage or a servo assisted altimeter?
More accurate and no lag
91
In a vertical speed indicator, where does the static pressure go into?
The capsule
##Footnote
Also goes through the metering unit (also known as a restrictive choke) into the casing
92
What is a accelerator used for in a IVSI?
Immediately cause the indicator to display a climb or dive, reducing lag
93
On an Airspeed indicator (ASI), how is the pressure connected with the indicator?
Pitot pressure inside the bellows
Static pressure inside the casing
93
What is Vfe and Vne?
Max sleed with flaps extended
Max speed not to be extended
94
When the pitot on an ASI is blocked, what happens?
It responds like an altimeter as it only responding to the static pressure
95
What is calibrated air speed corrected from?
Indicated and SSE
96
At landing, is TAS or IAS higher?
TAS - its corrected for density error
97
What is ground speed?
TAS minus wind speed
98
What is rigidity and precession in Gyros?
Rigidity - property to remain fized in its plane of rotation
Precession - force applied to a spinning gyro, acts 90 degrees in the direction of rotation
99
In terms of degrees of freedom (DOF) how many gimbals are required to rotor around 3 axis?
2 gimbals
##Footnote
1 gimbal will equal 2 axis
100
In terms of degrees of freedom (DOF) how many gimbals are required to rotor around 3 axis?
2 gimbals
##Footnote
1 gimbal will equal 2 axis
100
How many DOF does a rate gyro have?
1.5
101
What is a free/space gyro?
DOF isnt referenced or tied to the earth, not useful for aircraft attitude or heading
102
What is a tied gyro?
DOF spin axis is tied to the aircrafts yawing plane.
##Footnote
There is an ‘earth tied gyro’ which is tied to earth’s gravity
103
In terms of gyro wander, how can horizontal and vertical axis gyros wander?
Horizontal can drift and topple
Vertical can only topple
104
What is the difference between real and apparent wander?
Real is mechanical imperfection, ageing of equipment, bearing friction
Apparent is where it appears to wander due to the earth rotation or the transport rate
105
Whats true heading?
Angle between the aircrafts longitudinal axis and the direction to the true north pole
106
What is magnetic heading?
Angle between the aircrafts longitudinal axis and the direction to the magnetic north pole
##Footnote
The angle between true north and magnetic north is called variation
107
Whats is a direct reading compass?
Direct reading is a standby compass, no electrical power required (other then for a light bulb), magnetic that senses horizontal component of Earths magnetic field, Lubber line(shows heading), Errors when accelerating / turning (short term)
##Footnote
Acceleration errors in the Easterly or Westerly heading only
Turning errors when turning from Northernly or Southernly headings only
108
109
In the northern hemisphere, what does the compass do when in easterly acceleration?
Easterly acceleration, compass under reads
110
In a compass/direction indicator, what are the two main types?
Both remote compasses:
Directional gyro - used to eliminate problems with direct reading compasses
Slaved gyro - shows diff between indicated heading and flux valve signal. 2 modes - slave and free, in free mode flux valve signal is cut/disconnected
111
How often are the Jeppesen charts updated?
Every 56 days
112
What is magnetic inclination?
The angle that the geomagnetic field is tilted with respect to the surface of the earth
113
What is an autopilot system used for?
Reduce the pilots workload and fatigue over a long flight; thus increasing pilots response time
114
How many methods are required to disengage the autopilot system
At least 2
115
What is the FDS on the auto flight system?
The flight director system, a guidance aid that is overload on the attitude indicator and shows the pilot the attitude required to follow a certain trajectory
116
Is speed a channel of the auto pilot system?
No
117
What do two axis autopilots include?
The roll channel - ailerons
The pitch channel - elevators
118
In the autopilot system, whats the difference between inner and outer loop?
Inner loop (also called control loop) - basic stabilisation
Outer loop - commands coming from the pilots
119
Does the autothrottle system physically move the lever?
Yes (Boeing)
##Footnote
In the auto thrust system (airbus) there is no movement (no feedback)
120
What is VNAV?
Vertical navigation - pitch channel is used to control altitude
121
What is LNAV?
Lateral navigation - roll channel is used
122
What is HF and VHF used for?
HF - long range communications
VHF - Short range communications
123
Are radio waves long or short waves?
Long - can be hundreds of meters between peaks
124
What are transverse waves?
When oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of the waves propagation
125
When you put a inductor and a variable capacitor in parallel, what is created?
An oscillator
126
Whats the difference between sky, space and ground waves?
Sky waves travel from transmitter to receiver via the ionosphere
Space waves travel through the air to the receiver in line of sight
Surface waves travel along the contour of earth
127
What are the best surfaces to conduct surface waves?
Sea water
Soil
128
In a basic radio communication system, what is transmitted and what is recieved?
Transmitting attenna converts electrical signals into electromagnetic eaves and radiates them
A receiving attenna is one that converts electromagnetic into electrical signals
129
What is a dipole antenna?
Consists of 2 conductive elements such as rods or wires. Simple and widely used antenna
130
What is a modulating/message signal?
The signal that contains a message to be transmitted, has to undergo modulation to get transmitted.
131
What is the carrier signal?
High frequency signal which has a certain phase, frequency and amplitude but contains no infomation
132
What is the modulated signal?
The resultant, combination of the modulating signal and the carrier signal
133
What interphone do the crew use to communicate with each other?
Cabin
134
What is the service interphone used for?
For the crew to talk to the ground staff
135
What is the PA prioty?
Announcement from flight deck
Announcement from PAX cabin, Handmic or cabin interphone
Pre recorded announcements
Boarding music
136
What frequency is the blade antennas used for?
VHF
137
On a FDR, how long can the underwater beacon last for?
90 days upon contact with water
138
What are RIPS?
Recorder independent power supply - used to power the data recorders when the aircrafts power supply falls below 18V
139
What distress signal frequency does an ELT provide?
406.025 MHz
140
What is an ADF system?
Automatic direction finding
Determines the bearing of an aircraft to a ground station or beacon
141
What is a VOR system?
Very high frequency omni directional range
Also provides bearing, magnetic.
142
What is the DME system?
Distance measuring equipment
Gives you range, uses secondary radar to calculate distance.
143
What is track?
Direction which the aircraft is moving over the surface of the earth, measured in degrees from true or magnetic north
144
What is the CDI?
Course deviation indicator (CDI) and only indicates the selected course to the VOR station and is independent of the heading of the aircraft
145
What are examples of primary radars?
ATC primary surveillence
Rad alt (Radio altimeter)
Weather radar
146
What are the three modes of ATC?
A - identity of aircraft
C - identity and altitude of aircraft
S - Both plus additional info
147
What is an IRS?
Inertial reference system.
Consists of accelerometers and gyroscopes. Measures X, Y and Z to update current position.
148
What type of antenna is a VHF?
Blade
Mod 11
flashcards
Decks in class (22)
# Cards
-
11.1 Theory Of Flight32
-
11.1 - Theory of Flight39
-
11.2 - Basic Structures40
-
11.3 - Structures60
-
11.4 - Air Conditioning and Pressurisation73
-
11.5 - Avionic Systems150
-
11.6 - Electrical Power80
-
11.7 - Equipment and Furnishings21
-
11.8 - Fire Protection36
-
11.9 - Flight Controls50
-
11.10 - Fuel Systems54
-
11.11 - Hydraulic Power52
-
11.12 - Ice and Rain Protection19
-
11.13 - Landing Gear53
-
11.14 - Lights11
-
11.15 - Oxygen25
-
11.16 - Pneumatics9
-
11.17 - Water And Waste14
-
11.18 - On Board Maintenance Systems19
-
11.19 - Intergrated Modular Avionics5
-
11.20 - Cabin Systems11
-
11.21 - Information Systems8
