12.1

Question 1

T/F : the pharynx or the voice box functions to permit air to and from the lungs and produce sound

Answer 1

false

Question 2

T/F : the trachea or windpipe is the main airway to the lungs

Answer 2

true

Question 3

T/F : during exhalation the diaphragm relaxes

Answer 3

true

Question 4

the _____ are 4 groups of air filled spaces that open into the internal nose

Answer 4

sinuses

Question 5

what is a person’s average respiratory rate per minute ?

Answer 5

12 - 16 times

Question 6

about how many mL of air does each breath contain

Answer 6

500 mL

Question 7

what is the upper region of the torso that contains the lungs, heart, and great vessels

Answer 7

thorax/chest cavity

Question 8

in the normal, healthy adult lung how much is the usual vital capacity ?

Answer 8

about 3.5 - 5.5 liters

Question 9

the digestive system is one long tube known as the gastrointestinal tract or the ______

Answer 9

alimentary canal

Question 10

what is the rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle that propels products of digestion along the tract known as ?

Answer 10

peristalsis

Question 11

a common viral infection of the entire body resulting in fever, muscle aches, backache, and cough

Answer 11

influenza

Question 12

leading cause of gas death in the country

Answer 12

carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 13

inflammation of the pleural membrane

Answer 13

pleurisy

Question 14

an allergic reaction in persons who are sensitive to pollen, dust, and feathers

Answer 14

hay fever

Question 15

a person stops breathing for a period of 10 seconds or more while sleeping at least a few times per hour

Answer 15

sleep apnea

Question 16

90% of all cases are caused by tobacco

Answer 16

lung cancer

Question 17

an acute infection of the lungs caused by bacteria or viruses, fungi, exposure to certain chemicals, or inhaled substances

Answer 17

pneumonia

Question 18

the narrowing of the small airways for reasons other than cardiovascular disease

Answer 18

asthma

Question 19

singultus, a sudden involuntary contraction of the inspiratory muscles

Answer 19

hiccup

Question 20

inflammation of the sinuses

Answer 20

sinusitis

Question 21

accumulation of fluid in the lungs

Answer 21

pulmonary edema

Question 22

respiratory insufficiency

Answer 22

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 23

infection that develops as chronic inflammatory lesions

Answer 23

tuberculosis

Question 24

a clot detatches from a deep vein in the leg or pelvis and travels to the right atrium, then to the right ventricle and on to the pulmonary artery

Answer 24

pulmonary embolism

Question 25

a genetic disorder that causes abnormally thick and sticky mucus to be produced throughout the body

Answer 25

cystic fibrosis

Question 26

dilated varicose veins of the anus

Answer 26

hemorrhoids

Question 27

symptoms include abdominal pain, alternating constipation and diarrhea, nausea, and gas

Answer 27

Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 28

most common cancer and usually affects the lowest part of the rectum

Answer 28

colon cancer

Question 29

one of the more common causes of cancer death, casual factors include chronic gastritis and exposure to environmental chemicals

Answer 29

stomach cancer

Question 30

a gastric or duodenal ulcer that affects the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum

Answer 30

peptic ulcer disease

Question 31

inflammation of the appendix, usually by bacterial infection

Answer 31

appendicitis

Question 32

a partial or complete closure of the small or large intestine

Answer 32

obstruction

Question 33

protrusion of soft tissues through a tear or weak spot in a muscle wall

Answer 33

hernia

Question 34

infiltration of connective tissue into the functioning cells of the liver

Answer 34

cirrhosis

Question 35

cholelithiasis, almost always the result of a gallstone

Answer 35

gallbladder disease

Question 36

regurgitation of gastric acid up through an open esophageal sphincter, causing heartburn

Answer 36

gastroesophageal reflux

Question 37

genetic disorder ivolving exocrine gland dysfunction

Answer 37

cystic fibrosis

Question 38

most cases involve alcoholism and gallstones

Answer 38

pancreatitis

Question 39

difficulty in passing stools

Answer 39

constipation

Question 40

a general term for irritation, inflammation, or infection of the gastrointestinal tract

Answer 40

gastroenteritis

Question 41

define respiration

Answer 41

movement of air in and out of the lungs and the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood, and the blood and body tissues

Question 42

describe the difference between internal and external respiration

Answer 42

internal respiration is the gas exchange between body cells and blood but external respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream

Question 43

what does the upper respiratory tract consist of

Answer 43

nasal cavity and all its structures, and the pharynx

Question 44

what does the lower respiratory tract consist of

Answer 44

larynx, trachea, bronchii and alveoli in the lungs

Question 45

what are swell bodies

Answer 45

spongy blood-filled tissues in the nasal cavity, they help regulate airflow by expanding and shrinking

Question 46

T/F : swell bodies help warm, humidify, and filter air by alternating airflow between the nostrils

Answer 46

true

Question 47

what are the primary organs of respiration

Answer 47

nose nasal cavity pharynx larynx trachea bronchii bronchioles lungs alveoli

Question 48

what term means chronic overbreathing

Answer 48

hyperventilation

Question 49

what is a bolus

Answer 49

a small round soft mass of chewed food

Question 50

about how long is the small intestine

Answer 50

24-30 ft

Question 51

what are the three parts of the small intestine

Answer 51

1. duodenum 2. jejunum 3. ileum

Question 52

what is the longest part of the small intestine

Answer 52

ileum - 12 ft

Question 53

what is the largest gland of the body

Answer 53

liver

Question 54

what is another name for the large intestine

Answer 54

colon

Question 55

what are the 8 parts of the colon

Answer 55

1. cecum 2. appendix 3. ascending colon 4. transverse colon 5. descending colon 6. sigmoid colon 7. rectum 8. anal canal

Question 56

about how long is the large intestine

Answer 56

4-5 ft

Question 57

is the small or large intestine longer ?

Answer 57

small