what are the two types of muscle contractions
isometric and isotonic
what type of muscle contraction produces no movement ?
isometric
two types of isotonic contractions
concentric and eccentric
______ contractions shorten the muscle
concentric
______ contractions lengthen the muscle
eccentric
what is proprioception?
ability for the body to recognize the location and rate of movement of one or more parts of the body
proprioception is only possible through
proprioceptors
what are the two types of proprioceptors
muscle spindle cells and golgi tendon organs
list 3 functions of muscle spindle cells
- cause the stretch reflex
- send the muscle contract message
- info for the rate and degree of change in length of muscle fiber
what information do golgi tendon organs provide
initiate relaxation of muscle after sustained pressure is applied
when MSC’s contract, what happens simultaneously
GTO’s send a message to MSC’s to momentarily relax
sherrington’s 2nd law of reciprocoal inhibition
when a muscle on one side of a joint is contracted, the muscle on the opposite side recieves a neurological signal to relax/release
what is the agonist of knee extension
quadriceps
antagonist of knee extension
hamstring
PNF
proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
what is PNF
stretching that uses isometric contraction before a stretch , followed by a passive or active stretch
what is post isometric relaxation
a muscle is neurologically relaxed and easier to stretch after an isometric contraction
what is active isolated stretching
stretching that uses Sherrington’s 2nd law of reciprocal inhibition
how long do you hold a stretch when using AIS
1 - 2 seconds
how far can a muscle elongate before tearing ?
1.6 times its resting length
what form of stretching is the safest
AIS or reciprocal inhibition
what is a form of pandiculation
yawning
