1.3 Cloud Concept / Options

Question 1

SaaS (Software as a Service)

Answer 1

A service model where users access a finished application over the web (e.g., Office 365, Salesforce). User manages nothing.

Question 2

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Answer 2

A service model providing a platform for developers to build/deploy apps without managing the underlying OS or hardware.

Question 3

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Answer 3

A service model providing virtualized computing resources (Servers, Storage, Networking) over the internet. User manages the OS.

Question 4

Public Cloud

Answer 4

Cloud services offered over the public internet and shared across multiple organizations (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud).

Question 5

Private Cloud

Answer 5

Cloud resources used exclusively by a single organization; can be hosted on-premise or by a third party.

Question 6

Hybrid Cloud

Answer 6

A combination of Public and Private clouds, allowing data and applications to be shared between them.

Question 7

VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)

Answer 7

A private, isolated section of a public cloud provider’s network where you can launch resources.

Question 8

NFV (Network Functions Virtualization)

Answer 8

The process of replacing hardware (Firewalls, Routers, Load Balancers) with virtualized software versions.

Question 9

Network Security Group (NSG)

Answer 9

A virtual firewall that controls traffic at the instance/NIC level (usually stateful).

Question 10

Network Security List

Answer 10

A virtual firewall often used at the subnet level to control inbound and outbound traffic.

Question 11

Internet Gateway

Answer 11

A VPC component that allows communication between the VPC and the internet.

Question 12

NAT Gateway

Answer 12

Allows resources in a private subnet to connect to the internet while preventing the internet from initiating a connection to them.

Question 13

Direct Connect

Answer 13

A dedicated, private physical network connection from an on-premise datacenter to a cloud provider; bypasses the public internet.

Question 14

Scalability

Answer 14

The ability of a system to handle increased load by adding resources (Vertical = bigger server; Horizontal = more servers).

Question 15

Elasticity

Answer 15

The ability to automatically and dynamically expand or contract resources based on real-time demand.

Question 16

Multitenancy

Answer 16

A cloud architecture where multiple customers (tenants) share the same physical hardware/resources while remaining isolated.