2 bio Flashcards

(56 cards)

1
Q

The basic qualification of an organism is that it must be at least a single cell, which is a
____
organism.

A

UNICELLULAR ORGANISM

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2
Q

how many cells constitute the bacteria, archaea and some fungi, thus these are living things.

A

Single functioning

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3
Q

When several cells compose an organism, then it is a ___. Plants and animals, protists and most fungi are multicellular organisms.

A

multicellular living organism

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4
Q

The ___ carries out the morpho-anatomy and physiology of an organism.

A

cell

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5
Q

When several cells compose an organism, then it is a ___. Plants and animals, protists and most fungi are multicellular organisms.

A

multicellular living organism

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6
Q

In _____ organisms, the cell is everything-the very structure that carries out all biochemical activities to maintain cellular life.

A

single-celled

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7
Q

For multi-cellular organisms, the whole organism, first begins as ___

A

one cell.

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8
Q

In _____ organisms, the cell is everything-the very structure that carries out all biochemical activities to maintain cellular life.

A

single-celled

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9
Q

This ___ cell undergoes a series of division to increase the number of cells.

A

first

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10
Q

Thus, a bacterium is one celled while a human being is about
____ cell of different types.

A

10-trillion

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11
Q

• For the cell to reproduce, the requirement is a previously

A

existing cell.

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12
Q

•___ can come only from cells. Cells cannot come from anything.

A

Cells

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13
Q

• A non-cellular entity cannot produce a ___ cell.

A

living

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14
Q

• All cells on Earth-past and present-arose from a

A

single cell.

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15
Q

is covered with a membrane that allows materials to pass in and out.

A

Nucleus

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16
Q

It’s often called the “ ___” of the cell because it contains DNA.

A

control center

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17
Q

The __ is where the ribosomes are formed and this structure can be found both in plants and animals.

A

nucleolus

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18
Q

Is a semi-permeable membrane that facilitate the movement of molecules inside and outside the plant or animal cell.

A

cell membrane

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19
Q

It allows only chosen substances to enter or leave cell which can protect the cell from harmful substances.

A

cell membrane

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20
Q

Is often pictured as fluid mosaic model. Fluidity becomes its characteristic because its molecules are constantly moving.

A

cell membrane

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21
Q

is a viscous fluid or jelly
like material where
organelles are embedded.

A

cytoplasm

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22
Q

BIts jelly like feature secures the organelles in
plants and animals so
that they remain in place.

A

cytoplasm

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23
Q

BIts jelly like feature secures the organelles in
plants and animals so
that they remain in place.

24
Q

are called the “powerhouses” of cells.

25
They produce much of the energy a plant or animal cell needs to carry out its functions.
mitochondria
26
They are the centers of cellular respiration, a process in which energy-rich ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) that functions in energy storage and transfer is produced.
mitochondria
27
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
28
is the "storage area of the cell."
Vacuole
29
store water, food, and waste.
Vacuoles
30
Animals have a very small vacuole while plants as the producers through the process of ___ have a big central vacuole.
photosynthesis
31
? Is a series of tunnels throughout the cytoplasm.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
32
transport proteins from one part of the cell to another that is why they are called as "the transport center of the cell."
ER
33
They connect the nuclear membrane and the plasma membrane thus serving as passageway for food substances.
ER
34
Two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum:
Smooth/rough
35
• - ribosome free and functions in detoxification of lipids.
Smooth
36
- contains ribosomes and releases newly made protein from the cell.
Rough
37
• - ribosome free and functions in detoxification of lipids.
Smooth
38
are the "protein factories of the cell."
ribosome
39
These are very essential since all the functions and processes in plant and animal cell requires protein.
Ribosome
40
Even all the organelles inside the cell are made up of proteins making ___ very important.
ribosomes
41
receive proteins and other compounds from the ER.
Golgi bodies
42
They package these materials and distribute them to the plant and animal parts of the cell.
golgi bodies
43
contain hydrolytic enzymes that can break things down.
lysosomes
44
pick up bacteria, food, and old organelles in plant and animal cell and break them into small pieces that can be reused.
Lysosomes
45
is a series of fibers made from proteins.
Cytoskeleton
46
It provides structure to the cell and gives it its shape.
Cytoskeleton
47
is a series of fibers made from proteins.
Cytoskeleton
48
3ls a rigid organelle composed of cellulose that gives plant cell its box-like shape.
cell wal
49
Consist of several distinct layers. The ___ is the outer layer, it expands as the cell grows.
primary cell wall
50
? are double membrane bound organelles found in plants. ? It is basically the storage of their pigments.
Plastids
51
52
Types of Plastids includes:
• Leucoplasts which are colorless organelles that store starch • Chromoplasts which contain colored pigments like chloroplast.
53
54
are paired organelles found only in animal cell. ? They are located together near the nucleus, at right angles to each other.
centrioles
55
They are essential building cilia and flagella and also as spindle fiber during cell division.
Centrioles
56
They are essential building cilia and flagella and also as spindle fiber during cell division.
Centrioles