2 pt.2: appendicular (lower)

Question 1

how many total carpal bones make up wrist?

Answer 1

8

Question 2

5 metacarpal bones located

Answer 2

in palm of each hand

Question 3

each hand contains 14 phalanges

Answer 3

3/finger, 2/thumb

Question 4

Name the 8 carpal bones

Answer 4

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform
hamate
capitate
trapezoid
trapezium

Straight Line To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb

Question 5

Name the carpal bones from lateral proximal row and lateral distal row

Answer 5

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Or straight line to pinky
And here comes the thumb (backwards!)

Stop Letting Those People Touch The Cadaver’s Hand

Question 6

the pisiform is same side as

Answer 6

pinky

Question 7

name 2 regions of lower limb

Answer 7

2 bones in pelvic girdle, 30 bones in free lower limbs

Question 8

The 2 coxal (pelvic) bones join anteriorly by? posteriorly?

Answer 8

anteriorly: pubic symphysis (fibrocartilage)
posteriorly: sacrum form sacroiliac joints

Question 9

Describe the 3 hip bones

Answer 9

ilium (superior) - largest
ischium - inferior/posterior
pubis- inferior/anterior

Question 10

The 3 coxal bones converge and ossify at depression called

(the socket for the head of the femur)

Answer 10

acetabulum

Question 11

Label

Answer 11

blue - ilium
green - ischium
orange- pubis

Question 12

Ilium description

Answer 12

superior ala
inferior body
superior border - iliac crest
hip pointer - anterior superior spine
greater sciatic notch - passage sciatic nerve

Question 13

ischium prominent feature

ischium is inferior, posterior

Answer 13

ischial tuberosity - sit bone

Question 14

pubis has 2 rami

Answer 14

superior ramus and inferior ramus

Question 15

false pelvis

Answer 15

superior to pelvic brim (greater)
Houses lower abdominal organs

Question 16

true pelvis

Answer 16

inferior to pelvic brim
Obstetric ( birth canal) significance
| lesser

Question 17

What is Pelvic brim? What organs does it contain?

Answer 17

• a line from the sacral promontory to the upper part of the pubic symphysis
• full urinary bladder and uterus during pregnancy

Question 18

Pelvic axis

Answer 18

path of baby during birth.

Question 19

Pelvic inlet

Answer 19

superior opening of true pelvis bordered by pelvic brim

pelvic inlet

Question 20

9 features of ilium

Answer 20

ab. iliac crest
b. anterior superior iliac spine *ASIS
c. anterior inferior iliac spine * AIIS
d. posterior superior iliac spine * PSIS
e. posterior inferior iliac spine PIIS
g. iliac fossa
h. iliac tuberosity
i. auricular surface
k. arcuate line

anterior lateral view

Question 21

picture of medial view

ilium

Answer 21

Question 22

6 ischium features

Answer 22

a superior body
* an inferior ramus
* ischial spine
* lesser sciatic notch
* Ischial tuberosity
* * obturator foramen /obturator membrane

Question 23

6 pubis features

Answer 23

superior ramus
* body
* inferior ramus
* pubic crest
* pubic tubercle
* pectineal line

Question 24

ASIS- anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle lie

Answer 24

on same plane

Question 25

Compare Male vs. Female Pelves

Answer 25

Males - larger, heavier, pelvic inlet smaller, pubic arch less than 80 Females - wider, shallower, pubic arch greater than 80

Question 26

# female vs. male Comparison Table | right lateral view pelves

Answer 26

females , iliac crest less curved, ilium less vertical

Question 27

# female vs. male Inferior pelves

Answer 27

females - wider pelvic outlet, shorter, farther apart, medially projecting ischial tuberosity

Question 28

Label right lower limb

Answer 28

Question 29

Femur info

Answer 29

- longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body ◼ Proximally, the head articulates with the acetabulum hip (coxal) joint ◼ Neck - distal to head, common site of fracture ◼ Distally, the medial and lateral condyles articulate with the condyles of the tibia forming the knee joint ◼ Also articulates with patella

Question 30

Greater and lesser trochanters in femur are

Answer 30

projections where muscles attach

Question 31

Gluteal tuberosity and linea aspera attach

Answer 31

hip muscles

Question 32

Femur diagram

Answer 32

Question 33

Intercondylar fossa

Answer 33

depression between the condyles

Question 34

Medial and lateral epicondyles attach

Answer 34

knee muscles

Question 35

Patella info

Answer 35

Forms the patellofemoral joint ◼ Superior surface is the base ◼ Inferior, narrower surface is the apex ◼ Thick articular cartilage lines the posterior surface ◼ Increases the leverage of the quadriceps femoris muscle ◼ Patellofemoral stress syndrome - “runner’s knee”

Question 36

Patellofemoral stress syndrome details

Answer 36

During normal flexion and extension of the knee, the patella tracks (glides) superiorly and inferiorly in the groove between the femoral condyles. In patellofemoral stress syndrome, normal tracking does not occur; instead, the patella tracks laterally as well as superiorly and inferiorly, and the increased pressure on the joint causes aching or tenderness around or under the patella

Question 37

Tibia (shin-bone) info

Answer 37

The larger, medial weight-bearing bone of the leg ◼ The lateral and medial condyles at the proximal end articulate with the femur ◼ It articulates distally with the talus and fibula ◼ Tibial tuberosity - attachment site for the patellar ligament ◼ Medial malleolus - medial surface of distal end (medial surface of ankle joint)

Question 38

Fibula info

Answer 38

The smaller, laterally placed bone of the leg ◼ Non-weight bearing ◼ The head forms the proximal tibiofibular joint ◼ Lateral malleolus - distal end, articulates with the tibia and the talus at the ankle

Question 39

Lateral view of distal end of tibia

Answer 39

Question 40

Skeleton of foot info

Answer 40

Seven tarsal bones - talus (articulates with tibia and fibula), calcaneus (the heel bone, the largest and strongest), navicular, cuboid and three cuneiforms ◼ Five metatarsals - (I-V) base, shaft, head ◼ 14 phalanges (big toe is the hallux) ◼ Tarsus = ankle