2.1

Question 1

• “Father f Medicine”
• author of Hippocratic Oath
• advocated tasting of urine and listening to lungs

Answer 1

Hippocrates

Question 2

• Greek physician and philosopher
• described diabetes as “diarrhea of urine”

Answer 2

Galen

Question 3

They both instigated a qualitative assessment of the disorder through the measurement of body fluids

Answer 3

Hippocrates and Galen

Question 4

Four Humors:

Answer 4

Blood, Phlegm, Yellow Bile, Black Bile

Question 5

• 1st to observe Ebers Papyrus
• 3 stages of hookworm infection
• described intestinal parasites

Answer 5

Vivian Herrick

Question 6

Types of Intestinal Parasites

Answer 6

Taenia Saginata - flatworm; raw beef

Taenia Solium - hookworm; raw pork

Ascaris - roundworm; pigs

Question 7

• Introduced the profession of Medical Technology
• Believed that MT began from medieval Period

Answer 7

Professor M. Ruth Williams

Question 8

Believed MT started in 14th century with an Italian physician at the University of Bologna

Answer 8

Anne Fagelson

Question 9

• hired by Italian professor at the University of Bologna
• 1st MT
• 1st to perform lab tests
• died of lab-acquired infections

Answer 9

Alessandra Giliani

Question 10

• an Italian physician, anatomist, and professor of surgery

Answer 10

Mondino de Liuzzi

Question 11

A Dutch lens maker who invented the first compound microscope

Answer 11

Zacharias Janssen

Question 12

• greatest early microscopist; Embryology and Anatomy
• founder of microscopical anatomy, Histology
• father of Physiology and Embryology

Answer 12

Marcello Malpighi

Question 13

• One of the youngest medical specialists who founded in Berlin the archives in pathology
• Scientific Contribution to Cell Theory

Answer 13

Rudolf Virchow

Question 14

• Father of Microbiology and Microscopy
• invented the first functional microscope to describe red blood cells and protozoa, and classify the shape of bacteria

Answer 14

Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek

Question 15

• discovered vaccination to establish immunity to smallpox; great contribution to Immunology

Answer 15

Edward Jenner

Question 16

• made several means of collecting evidence to diagnose his patients
• found a majority of the diagnosis consisted of laboratory findings
• helped to issue the Apothecaries Act of 1815

Answer 16

Dr. William Occam

Question 17

• made physical findings before and after death: Anatomical Pathology
• followed by a determination of the cause of disease: Bacteriology

Answer 17

Baron Karl von Humboldt

Question 18

Invented spirometer to measure the vital capacity of the lungs

Answer 18

John Hutchinson

Question 19

Invented sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure

Answer 19

Jules Herrison

Question 20

discovered bacteriology by injecting organic material into worms

Answer 20

Agostini Bassi

Question 21

• Successfully developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies
• originated pasteurization

Answer 21

Louis Pasteur

Question 22

Law of inherited characteristics from his studies on plants

Answer 22

Gregor Mende

Question 23

• father of Antiseptic Surgery
• Demonstrated that airborne microorganisms cause surgical infections

Answer 23

Joseph Lister

Question 24

identified organs by their types of tissues; histology

Answer 24

Marie Francois Xavier Bichet

Question 25

introduced steam sterilization in surgery

Answer 25

Ernst von Bergmann

Question 26

Distinguished blood groups through the development of the ABO blood group system

Answer 26

Karl Landsteiner

Question 27

Developed immunologic tests for syphilis

Answer 27

August von Wassermann

Question 28

Discovered microorganisms whose range lies between bacteria and viruses called rickettsiae

Answer 28

Howard Ricketts

Question 29

Worked out the structure of hemoglobin

Answer 29

Hans Fischer

Question 30

Developed the poliomyelitis vaccine

Answer 30

Jonas Salk

Question 31

Introduced the Westgard rules for quality control in the clinical laboratory

Answer 31

James Westgard

Question 32

Introduced the hepatitis B vaccine

Answer 32

Baruch Samuel Blumberg

Question 33

Developed the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Answer 33

Kary Mullins

Question 34

introduced the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF)

Answer 34

Andrea van Steirteghem

Question 35

Derived the first human stem cell

Answer 35

James Thomson

Question 36

Invented the stethoscope

Answer 36

Rene Laennec

Question 37

used to acquire information about the lung and heartbeat

Answer 37

Stethoscope

Question 38

developed for medical purposes due to advances in lenses and lower costs

Answer 38

Microscope

Question 39

Herman von Helmholtz; first visual technology

Answer 39

Ophthalmoscope

Question 40

Manuel Garcia; uses two mirrors to observe the throat & larynx

Answer 40

Laryngoscope

Question 41

Wilhelm Roentgen; allowed physicians to view the inside of the body

Answer 41

X-ray

Question 42

Elizabeth Kenny; to treat polio

Answer 42

Kenny Method

Question 43

Philip Drinker; to help patients with paralytic anterior poliomyelitis

Answer 43

Drinker Respirator

Question 44

Invented by Dr. John Gibbon

Answer 44

Heart-Lung Machine

Question 45

made seeing the heart, lung vessels, and valves possible by inserting a cannula in an arm vein and into the heart with an injection of radiopaque dye for x-ray visualization

Answer 45

Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography

Question 46

- Presented first pictures of bacilli (anthrax), and later the tubercle bacilli (TB) - Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 46

Robert Koch

Question 47

Described phagocytes in blood and their role in fighting infection

Answer 47

Elie Metchnikof

Question 48

- An Introduction to the Profession of Medical Technology - believes that Medical Technology began from the Medieval Period (1096-1438): urinalysis was a fad

Answer 48

Prof. M. Ruth Williams