1857: opened the 1st well-equipped chemical laboratory at the University of Michigan
Dr. Silas Douglas
1884: start of 1st laboratory instruction grew and became the largest, best-equipped laboratory opened to students
Dr. Silas Douglas
1854: The same laboratory opened at the Medical College of St. Bartholomew
Dr. Silas Douglas
1858: University College of Cambridge hired part-time practicing clinicians reinforced as teachers for full-time jobs in medical teaching applying new laboratory methods of medical practice
Dr. Silas Douglas
- (1878) first pathology professor at Johns Hopkins University
- transferred to Bellevue Hospital Medical College:
Dr. William H. Welch
first to offer PATHOLOGY in an American Medical School
Bellevue Hospital Medical College
first clinical laboratory to open occupying a 12 x 12 size room and was equipped for 50 US dollars (1896)
Johns Hopkins University Dept. of Pathology
- The first pathology professor at the University of Pennsylvania
- Discovered Shigella flexneri bacteria
Dr. Simon Flexner
- He initiated the use of laboratory animals for experimentation
- He concluded that the use of laboratory methods in clinical medicine elucidates pathological problems
Sir John Scott Burdon-Sanderson
- Father of Modern Medicine
- first clinical laboratory opened at John Hopkins University
- did routine exams but paid special attention to the identification of malarial parasites (blood)
Dr. William Osler
first clinical laboratory
John Hopkins University
opened at the University of Pennsylvania;
William Pepper Laboratory
oldest clinical laboratory in the US
University of Pennsylvania
wrote “A Manual of Clinical Diagnosis”, the standard reference book for laboratories
Dr. James C. Todd
100 male technicians employed in the US
1900
approval of the Insurance Act made complete changes in laboratory science
1911
3,300 technicians
1920
3,035 hospitals had clinical laboratories
1922
enacted a law requiring all hospitals & institutions to have adequate laboratories employing a full-time laboratory technician
State Legislature of Pennsylvania
- Produced a great demand for clinical labs & technicians
- due to high demand, practicing doctors teach their assistants to do some tests for them
World War 1
organization of Denver Society of Clinical Pathologists
1921
- established one of the 1st laboratory training schools for laboratory workers
- Issued a course bulletin entitled “ Courses in Med. Tech. for Clinical and Laboratory Technicians”
University of Minnesota
establishment of the American Board of Pathologists
1936
- mark effect of laboratory medicine & moved into a new era of sophistication
- Increase blood use & adopt “closed system” blood collection
- Instrumentation became advanced & measurements made use of instruments (new chemical tests)
- Emergence of automated equipment & development of new QC programs
World War 2
