2.1 Measuring Development

Question 1

What is development?

Answer 1

Development is the economic social and political progress a country or people make and for it to be beneficial, it must be sustainable.

Question 2

What is GDP?

Answer 2

The total value of goods and services a country produces in a year. It is measured in US dollars per year.

Question 3

What is GDP per capita?

Answer 3

The GDP divided by the total population so that it shows the average wealth of a person. It is measured in US dollars per person per year.

Question 4

What is poverty measure?

Answer 4

The percentage of people in a country living below an internationally agreed minimum standard($1.25 a day).

Question 5

What is the gini coefficient?

Answer 5

This measures how equally shared wealth is in a country. It also shows inequality in a score between 0 (everyone is equal wealth) and 100 (inequality).

Question 6

What is access to safe drinking water?

Answer 6

The percentage of population with access to an improved(pipe) water supply within 1 km of their home.

Question 7

What is literacy rate?

Answer 7

The percentage of population aged over 15 who can read and write a basic sentence.

Question 8

What is HDI?

Answer 8

A score between zero and one that includes a countries, health, wealth, and education, life expectancy GDP per capita and literacy rate. A score of one is the best.

Question 9

What does HDI stand for?

Answer 9

Human development index.

Question 10

What is meant by corruption perception index?

Answer 10

A measure of the level of government openness. A low score (0) is corrupt and a good score(10) means an honest/open country.

Question 11

What is meant by gender inequality index?

Answer 11

A number that is calculated using data showing the status of women in society. It includes: woman’s access to education, jobs and political rights. The higher the score the better.

Question 12

What is meant by inequality measure?

Answer 12

It measures whether income is unequally distributed within a country. A coefficient of 100 would mean that one person has all the money a score of zero means everyone has the same.

Question 13

As development increases which economic, social and political factors increase?

Answer 13

GDP
GDP per capita
Access to safe drinking water
Literacy rate
HDI
Corruption perception index
Gender inequality index

Question 14

As development increases which economic, social and political factors decrease ?

Answer 14

Poverty measure
Gini coefficient
Inequality measure

Question 15

What development factors are economic?

Answer 15

GDP
GDP per capita
Poverty measure
Gini coefficient
Inequality measure

Question 16

What development factors are social?

Answer 16

Access to safe drinking water
Literacy rate
HDI
Gender inequality index

Question 17

What development factors are political?

Answer 17

Corruption perception index

Question 18

What is demography?

Answer 18

Demography is the study of population.

Question 19

What is meant by population structure?

Answer 19

The number(or percentage) of males/females in a country in each age group(E.G.10 to 14).

Question 20

What is meant by demographic data?

Answer 20

All data linked to population changes: birth rate, death rate, et cetera.

Question 21

What is meant by birth rate?

Answer 21

Number of live births per 1000 people per year.

Question 22

What is meant by death rate?

Answer 22

The number of deaths per 1000 people per year.

Question 23

What is meant by fertility rate?

Answer 23

The average number of births per woman in her reproductive life

Question 24

What is meant by infant mortality?

Answer 24

The number of children(less than one year-old) 1000 live births who die before their first birthday.

Question 25

What is meant by life expectancy?

Answer 25

The average number of years a person can expect to live.

Question 26

What is meant by maternal mortality?

Answer 26

The number of mothers per 100,000 who die in childbirth.

Question 27

What is the age structure (0-14) for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 27

UK: 16.7% Malawi: 37.7%

Question 28

What is the age structure (65+) for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 28

UK: 19.3% Malawi: 3.9%

Question 29

What is the dependency ratio (total) for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 29

UK: 54.8% Malawi: 71.3%

Question 30

What is the median age(total) for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 30

UK: 40.8 years Malawi: 20.3 years

Question 31

What is the birth rate for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 31

UK: 12.2 per 1000 people Malawi: 41.8 per 1000 people

Question 32

What is the death rate for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 32

UK: 9.3 per 1000 people Malawi: 8.7 per 1000 people

Question 33

What is the maternal mortality rate (total) for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 33

UK: 12 per 100,000 live births Malawi: 460 per 100,000 live births

Question 34

What is the life expectancy (total) for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 34

UK: 80.4 years Malawi: 60 years

Question 35

What is the total fertility rate for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 35

UK: 1.9 children born per women Malawi: 5.7 children born per women

Question 36

What is the literacy rate(total population) for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 36

UK: 99% Malawi: 74.8%

Question 37

What is the school life expectancy for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 37

UK: 18 years Malawi: 10 years

Question 38

What is the age real GDP per capita for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 38

UK: $52,500 Malawi: $1,600

Question 39

What is the population below the poverty line for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 39

UK: 18.6% Malawi: 50.7%

Question 40

What is the HDI for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 40

UK: 0.932 Malawi: 0.483

Question 41

What is the corruption index for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 41

UK: 82 Malawi: 31

Question 42

What is the GINI coefficient for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 42

UK: 34.9 Malawi: 44.7

Question 43

What is the infant mortality rate (total) for the UK and Malawi?

Answer 43

UK: 4.4 per 1000 live births Malawi: 48 per 1000 live births

Question 44

Explain how government investment in water quality and sanitation can increase development in a positive multiply effect.

Answer 44

Government investment in water quality and sanitation, leads to more people at work and school, leading to more people paying taxes, leading to few deaths and lower infant mortality. leading to more investment in education, leading to women's status improving so their education and ability to work improves, so there are few babies born because of women's new carrer focus, so birth rate begins to fall, individual and government wealth improve and healthy lifestyles are promoted, this causes life expectancy to increase.