22 - ENT

Question 1

source of blood in ant and post epistaxis

Answer 1

ant - keisselbach’s

post - shenopalantine

Question 2

step to manage epistax

Answer 2

1. ABC
2. pressure on ant. cart.
3. topical vasoconstrictors - cocaine or lido
4. pack
5. possible silver nitrate cautery

Question 3

def. pharyngitis

Answer 3

inflammation of the pharynx and tonsils

Question 4

causes of pharyngitis

Answer 4

1. viral most common

2. streps

Question 5

mgmt of pharyngitis

Answer 5

1. ABCs
2. analgesia, antipyretic
3. ABx - centor crits

Question 6

centor criteria for pharyngitis

Answer 6

1. tonsillar exudate
2. anterior cervical lymphadenopthy
3. fever >38
4. absence of cough
   if have 2+ then give rapid strep test
   4+ then Tx - penicillin

Question 7

def. epiglottitis

Answer 7

cellulitis of epiglottis

Question 8

Sx of epi

Answer 8

1. prodrome of URTI
2. severe sore throat
3. tenderness of hyoid bone

Question 9

investigation and finding for epi

Answer 9

X-ray

• thinkened enlarged epi
• obliteration of vallecula
• ballooning of hypopharynx

Question 10

Tx of epi

Answer 10

consult ICU/ENT

- IV cerftriaxone 1g

Question 11

def. peritonisillar abscess

Answer 11

infection from the tonsils

- polymicrobial

Question 12

signs and Sx

Answer 12

• febrile
• dehydration
• hot potato voice
• enlarge tonsil with exudate

Question 13

Tx of tonsillar abscess

Answer 13

• ABCs
• supportive
• clindamycin 600mg IV
• drainage with ENT

Question 14

patho or retropharyngeal abscess

Answer 14

• in children from the nodes in retro

- can also be from cellulitis or fish bones

Question 15

signs and Sx

Answer 15

• odynophagia, dysphadia
• neck pain and stiffness
• portable X-ray

Question 16

Tx of retropharyngeal

Answer 16

IV Abx

- ENT

Question 17

def. ludwig’s angina

Answer 17

• infection of floor of mouth and submandibular

- polymicrobial

Question 18

Tx of ludwigs

Answer 18

IV ABx

- ENT