22.2

Question 1

Streptococcal Pharyngitis (strep throat)

Answer 1

• caused by Streptococcus pyogenes
• gram positive cocci
• hyaluronidase, collagenase, and streptokinase
• high Fever over 38 degrees Celsius
• scarlet fever (scarlatina) caused by erythrogenic toxin
• STSS massive superantigen production that leave to septic shock and feral
• amoxicillin and penicillin

Question 2

Sequelae of pyogenes infections

Answer 2

• acute rheumatic fever

- acute glomerulonephritis

Question 3

Acute rheumatic fever

Answer 3

• caused by strains 1,3,5,6,18 of S.pyogenes

- can cause inflammation of heart

Question 4

Glomerulonephritis

Answer 4

• damages and inflames the glomeruli

- occurs 6-10 or 21 days

Question 5

Acute otitis Media

Answer 5

Infection in the middle ear

• accumulation of pus in middle ear
• caused by S pneumoniae, H Influenzae, and M cattarhalis,

Question 6

Diphtheria

Answer 6

• caused by Corynebacterium diphteriae
• club shaped gram positive rod
• diphtheriae toxins make it pathogenic
• pseudomembrane: accumulation of dead cells, inflammatory response, grayish

Question 7

Bacterial pneumoniae

Answer 7

Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, H influnezae, and M

Question 8

Pneumococcal Pneumonia

Answer 8

• most common community acquired
• caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
• gram positive diplococcus
• polysaccharide capsule
• pore forming protein pneumolysin O
• penicillin, vaccine also available

Question 9

Haemophilus Pneumonia

Answer 9

• nonencapsulated strains cause pneumonia
• gram negative coccobacillus
• primarily in elderly
• grows on chocolate agar

Question 10

Mycoplasma Pneumonia (walking pneumonia)

Answer 10

• caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae
• common in crowded environments (college, military)
• mild symptoms
• no cell wall attach to Ciliated cells
• no cell wall = penicillin does not work

Question 11

Chlamydial Pneumoniad and Psittacosis

Answer 11

• caused by obligate intracelular Pathogens
• cause mild to severe pneumonia and bronchitis
• Chlamydiphila is most common
• Psittacosis is a zoonotic disease
• PCR test to identify
• treatment with tetracycline