23 - LAB TEST Flashcards by Dave U.

What in vitro test determines platelet aggregation ability with agonists gold standard platelet function

platelet+aggregation+test

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What specimen platelet rich plasma from citrated whole blood centrifuged 50g 30 minutes

platelet+rich+plasma

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What principle platelet rich plasma treated aggregating agent cloudiness turbidity measured spectrophotometer curve assesses function

platelet+aggregation

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In normal specimen agonist added platelets change discoid to spherical light transmittance initially decreases then increases with shape change

normal+aggregation

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What is checked for optical density after platelet rich plasma plus agonist

optical+density

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What are platelet aggregation agonists epinephrine ADP collagen thrombin ristocetin arachidonic acid

epinephrine+ADP+collagen+thrombin+ristocetin+arachidonic+acid

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What instrument measures platelet aggregation citrated whole blood platelet rich plasma

aggregometer

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What agonists stored -20°C reconstituted physiologic saline used immediately

ADP+thrombin

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What agonist stored 1°C to 6°C reconstituted distilled water immediately used

epinephrine

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What agonist stored 1°C to 6°C no further dilution cannot freeze

collagen

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What agonist stored -20°C dark or dark bottle diluted bovine albumin immediate use readily oxidized

arachidonic+acid

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What most used agonist aggregometry systems measuring aggregation not luminescence produces biphasic aggregation

ADP

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What agonist disadvantage triggers coagulation fibrin formation with aggregation

thrombin

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What test blood coagulation complete clot undergoes retraction serum expressed clot denser

clot+retraction+time

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What normally begins clot retraction after blood clotted

30+seconds

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Most retraction occurring first how many hours complete within 24 hours

4+hours

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What process compaction formed clot reducing volume contraction intracellular actin-myosin cytoskeleton activated platelets

clot+retraction

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What requires normal clot retraction platelets calcium ATP fibrinogen

normal+number+functioning+platelets+calcium+ATP+fibrinogen

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What reflects clot retraction platelets fibrinogen fibrinolytic activity packed red cell volume

number+quality+platelets+fibrinogen+fibrinolytic+activity+hematocrit

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What degree clot retraction proportional platelets inversely hematocrit fibrinogen level

clot+retraction+degree

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What method clot retraction time castor oil Hirschboek formation dimpling droplet serum surface blood

castor+oil+Hirschboek

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Other clot retraction methods Stefanini MacFarlane

Stefanini+method+MacFarlane+method

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What abnormal clot retraction Glanzmann thrombasthenia thrombocytopenia paraproteinemias fibrinogen disorders

Glanzmann+thrombasthenia+thrombocytopenia+paraproteinemias+dysfibrinogenemia+hypofibrinogenemia

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What test also Rumpel-Leede Hiss inflate BP cuff halfway systolic diastolic never exceed 100mmHg 5 minutes count petechiae after 5-10 minutes

capillary+fragility+test+tourniquet+test

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What grading few petechiae anterior forearm 0-10

What grading many petechiae anterior forearm 10-20

What grading multiple petechiae whole arm back hand 20-50

What grading confluent petechiae arm back hand 50 above

What abnormal capillary fragility test thrombocytopenia decreased fibrinogen vascular defects

thrombocytopenia+low+fibrinogen+vascular+defects

What in vitro test platelet adhesion anticoagulated blood passes glass bead column platelets vWF adhere decrease platelet count

glass+bead+retention+test

What anticoagulated blood used glass bead retention test

heparinized+blood

What decreased platelet retention Glanzmann thrombasthenia von Willebrand disease

Glanzmann+thrombasthenia+von+Willebrand+disease

What increased platelet retention thrombotic disorders BSS pregnancy Chediak Higashi aspirin hyperlipidemia

venous+thrombosis+pulmonary+embolism+BSS+pregnancy+Chediak+Higashi+aspirin+hyperlipidemia

What in vivo primary hemostasis measures platelet plug integrity capillaries platelets interaction original platelet function gold standard replaced PFA-100

bleeding+time

What affects bleeding time platelet count below

75000+x+10^9/L

What platelet count bleeding time increases progressively normal 3-8 minutes over 30 minutes

below+100+x+10^9/L

What prolonged bleeding time platelet count over 100 x 10^9/L indicates

impaired+platelet+function+subendothelial+defect

What nonplatelet variables affect bleeding time intracapillary pressure skin thickness puncture site wound size depth

intracapillary+pressure+skin+thickness+wound+size+depth

What Duke method single skin puncture earlobe fingertip disposable lancet reference 2-4 minutes

Duke

What Ivy method two-three standardized forearm punctures disposable lancet BP cuff 40mmHg reference 3-6 minutes

Ivy

What Mielke method template standardized slit replace lancets

Mielke

What modified bleeding time BP cuff 40mmHg template commercial Simplate Surgicutt reference 3-9 minutes

modified+template

What Simplate contains spring loaded blade plastic case

Simplate

What Surgicutt utilizes slicing action surgical blade

Surgicutt

What prolonged bleeding time von Willebrand disease functional platelet disorder vascular scurvy aspirin NSAIDs

von+Willebrand+disease+platelet+disorder+vascular+scurvy+aspirin+NSAIDs

What measures free blood formation clot time removed body in vivo secondary hemostasis abnormal hemophilia DIC afibrinogenemia

whole+blood+clotting+time

What first lab coagulation procedure insensitive cumbersome nonreproducible 3 glass 13x100mm tubes tilt 45 degrees every 30 seconds tube 3 reported 5-15 minutes

Lee+and+White+tilt-tube

What capillary methods slide drop Dale Laidlaw lancet capillary tube fibrin string strand breaking tube 2-4 minutes

slide+and+drop+Dale+and+Laidlaw

What activated clotting time modification Lee White originally heparin therapy POCT unfractionated heparin cardiac catheterization coronary bypass

activated+clotting+time

What prothrombin time determines extrinsic common pathway factor deficient monitors warfarin coumarin sensitive early liver disease factor VII vitamin K deficiency

prothrombin+time

What specimen platelet poor plasma 50 or 100 microliter aliquot incubated 37°C 3-10 minutes

platelet+poor+plasma

What PT reagent recombinant affinity-purified tissue factor 0.025M calcium chloride phospholipid tissue thromboplastin

tissue+factor+calcium+chloride

What classic PT reagent organic extract emulsified brain lung

brain+or+lung+extract

What new generation PT reagent purified recombinant

recombinant+tissue+factor

What chemical neutralizes heparin PT reagent polybrene hexadimethrine bromide

polybrene

What principle citrated platelet poor plasma PT reagent triggers fibrin polymerization calcium activates factor VII

PT+principle

What for both PT aPTT begin timing clot formation after

calcium+chloride+addition

What temperature PT test performed

37°C

What duplicate PT values within 10percent mean or repeat third time

duplicate+values

What PT PTT quality control beginning 8-hour shift reagent change normal prolonged control

quality+control

What factors not assessed PT aPTT

III+IV+XIII

What prothrombin time reference value

12.6+to+14.6+seconds

What prothrombin time therapeutic value warfarin

2-3+INR

What prothrombin time reporting usage monitoring coumadin warfarin anticoagulant liver disease non-coumadin standard

monitoring+anticoagulant+liver+disease

What international normalized ratio patient PT 30 seconds control 15 seconds ISI 1

What INR healthy range no anticoagulation

less+than+1.1

What INR elevated further investigations

1.1+to+1.9

What INR therapeutic anticoagulation

2.0+to+3.0

What INR elevated bleeding risk

greater+than+3.0

What INR target deep vein thrombosis high risk surgery

2.0-2.5

What INR target hip surgery femur fracture atrial fibrillation

2.0-3.0

What INR target deep vein thrombosis venous pulmonary embolism transient ischemic attack

2.0-3.0

What INR target mechanical prosthetic heart valves

2.5-3.5

What INR target recurrent deep vein thrombosis pulmonary embolism myocardial infarction arterial disease

2.0-4.5

What international sensitivity index compares thromboplastin sensitivity international reference WHO orthogonal regression exponent INR equation

sensitivity+index

What closer ISI to 1 more sensitive reagent higher ISI less sensitive ISI 1 highest sensitivity

ISI+1

For coagulation pathway test monitoring unfractionated heparin detecting lupus anticoagulant specific factor antibodies using platelet poor plasma incubated 37°C 3-10 minutes

activated+partial+thromboplastin+time

Coagulation test reagent with phospholipid cephalin calcium chloride negative charge activators silica ellagic acid celite kaolin

SECK+activators

Historical phospholipid reagent extracted from brain now synthetic for coagulation test

brain+extract+synthetic

Coagulation reagents prolonging with specimen less than 30 units per milliliter factor VIII IX XI

low+factors

Citrated platelet poor plasma coagulation test activator providing surface mediating factor XII conformational change activation

aPTT+principle

Coagulation test prolonged in congenital acquired procoagulant deficiencies except factors VII XIII

factor+deficiencies

Coagulation test reference 25-35 seconds therapeutic unfractionated heparin 60-100 seconds

activated+partial+thromboplastin+time

Establishing reference interval new reagent lot yearly testing 30 healthy donors both sexes computing 95percent confidence interval

reference+interval

Fibrinogen abnormality test assessing oral thrombin inhibitor dabigatran prolonging if drug present

thrombin+clotting+time

Coagulation test specimen platelet poor plasma 100 microliters incubated 37°C 3-10 minutes

platelet+poor+plasma

Thrombin clotting time reagent bovine thrombin 5 National Institutes of Health units per milliliter warmed 37°C 3-10 minutes

bovine+thrombin

Thrombin reagent deteriorating requiring use within 10 minutes incubation begun

thrombin+reagent

Thrombin test principle cleaving fibrinopeptides A B from fibrinogen forming detectable fibrin polymer

TCT+principle

Thrombin clotting time procedure using platelet poor plasma plus 200 microliters thrombin calcium chloride

PPP+thrombin+procedure

Factors prolonging thrombin clotting time fibrin degradation products fibrin split products heparin paraproteins streptokinase

FDP+FSP+interferents

Tests PT APTT TCT reptilase time prolonging when fibrinogen below 100 milligrams per deciliter

low+fibrinogen

Thrombin clotting time prolonging conditions hypofibrinogenemia afibrinogenemia dysfibrinogenemia

fibrinogen+disorders

Unfractionated heparin prolonging thrombin clotting time duration

30+to+40+seconds

Fibrinogen abnormality test using platelet poor plasma assessing oral thrombin inhibitor dabigatran

reptilase+time

Reptilase reagent Bothrops atrox snake venom atroxin batroxobin converting fibrinogen fibrin stable 1 month 1-6°C

snake+venom

Reptilase enzyme cleaving only fibrinopeptide A catalyzing fibrinogen fibrin conversion

reptilase+principle

Reptilase procedure using platelet poor plasma plus atroxin reagent

PPP+atroxin

Reptilase reference value duration

10+to+15+seconds

Reptilase prolonging factors fibrin degradation products heparin paraproteins streptokinase fibrinogen disorders

same+as+TCT

Reptilase test unaffected by presence unlike thrombin clotting time

heparin

Normal individual coagulation tests including both reptilase thrombin clotting time normal

normal+results

Reptilase normal thrombin clotting time abnormal indicating

heparin+interference

Both reptilase thrombin clotting time abnormal indicating

fibrinogen+problem

Clauss method modification thrombin clotting time recommending fibrinogen function estimation

Clauss+fibrinogen

Clauss assay specimen diluted platelet poor plasma warmed 37°C 3 minutes

diluted+PPP

Clauss reagent lyophilized bovine thrombin 50-100 National Institutes of Health units per milliliter buffer

thrombin+buffer

Clauss result showing inverse relationship clot formation interval functional fibrinogen concentration

clot+time+fibrinogen

Patient fibrinogen exceeding 480 milligrams per deciliter requiring 1:20 Owren buffer dilution Clauss

high+fibrinogen

Clauss calibration curve intervals 6 months reagent lot change control shift instrument maintenance dilutions 1:5 to 1:40

calibration+curve

Clauss interferences unfractionated heparin over 0.6 units per milliliter fibrin degradation products over 100 milligrams per milliliter

heparin+FDP

Stypven test assessing common pathway directly activating factor X now obsolete

Stypven+time

Stypven reagent Vipera russelii Daboia russelii viper venom

viper+venom

Stypven procedure platelet poor plasma plus Stypven platelin calcium chloride

PPP+Stypven

Stypven reference value duration

6-10+seconds

Diluted Russell viper venom test detecting confirming lupus anticoagulant

DRVVT

Factor XIII tests including Duckert chromogenic screening

factor+XIII+tests

Duckert test platelet poor plasma reagent 5M urea clot dissolution 24 hours alternatives monochloroacetic acetic acid

urea+clot

Normal Duckert result clot insoluble urea duration

24+hours

Factor XIII deficiency Duckert result clot dissolved duration

less+than+24+hours

Factor XIII quantitation measuring ammonia transglutaminase reaction glutamate dehydrogenase NADPH 340 nanometer absorbance inverse activity

chromogenic+assay

Factor XIII low conditions chronic DIC Crohn disease leukemias ulcerative colitis sepsis inflammatory bowel disease surgery purpura

low+XIII

Euglobulin lysis time measuring fibrinolytic activity proteins precipitating diluted acidified plasma plasminogen plasmin fibrinogen activators acetic acid borate thrombin

euglobulin+lysis

Normal euglobulin lysis time duration

more+than+1+or+2+hours

Increased fibrinolysis euglobulin lysis time duration

less+than+1+or+2+hours

Protamine sulfate detecting fibrin monomers plasma normally absent

fibrin+monomers

Ethanol gelation diagnosing DIC distinguishing primary secondary fibrinolysis less sensitive specific protamine sulfate detecting fibrin strands gel paracoagulation positive fibrinolysis

ethanol+gelation

Latex D-dimer pulmonary embolism deep vein thrombosis DIC sickle cell positive 4 hours immunoassay ELISA 30 minutes 10 nanograms per milliliter DDU 240 FEU 500 DIC 10000-20000 microlatex anti-D-dimer agglutination

D-dimer

Whole blood clot lysis time clot intact 48 hours 37°C lysis before indicating excessive fibrinolysis

WBCLT

23 - LAB TEST Flashcards

(129 cards)