3.3c - Sahel CASE STUDY

Question 1

What are the four types of features that become barriers for mali

Answer 1

Political, environmental, economic, social

Question 2

What type of country is mali

Answer 2

Secular country – freedom of religion is important
(political barrier)

Question 3

What is the issue in terms of power and control in mali

Answer 3

North wants autonomy, AQIM control Timbuktu
(political barrier)

Question 4

Has there ever been a political riot in mali?

Answer 4

Coup d’etat in March 2012 – ECOWAS sending 3,000 troops in
(Political barrier)

Question 5

Describe the environmental difference between North and South Mali

Answer 5

North is desert, South is fertile savanna

Question 5

Describe the environmental difference between North and South Mali

Answer 5

North is desert (enviro barrier), South is fertile savanna

Question 6

Define desertification

Answer 6

Spread of the desert creating dry, arid regions with sand

Question 7

Describe the environment of Mali

Answer 7

River Niger in south = 1700km of land
Subsistence agriculture – cotton, cereal, rice

Question 8

Describe the population of mali

Answer 8

• Food shortage encourages anger and extremism
• High rate of infant mortality
• 37,000 refugees fled into Burkina Faso
  ^ Social barriers
• 64% live below poverty line (economic barrier)

Question 9

What economic barriers are there to Mali

Answer 9

AQIM placed ban on visiting historical shrines in Timbuktu
(tourism revenue stopped)

Question 10

What is the 2nd main export in mali

Answer 10

Gold mining is the 2nd main export

Question 11

State 4 key reasons why a country (mali for example) may be trapped in the cycle of poverty

Answer 11

• Conflict Trap:
  Civil War = Poverty = CivilWar
• Natural Resource Trap – need to rely on resources provided at extortionate prices by TNCs and forget governance
• Landlocked with bad neighbour
• Poor government in a small country: corruption = little reinvestment back into economy