4 - CONTROLLING PROCESS

Question 1

Why is Controlling Important?

Answer 1

Control is important because it’s the only way that managers know whether organizational goals are being met, and if not, the reasons why

Question 2

• The process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance
• The final link in the functional chain of management activities
• The process of looking back

Answer 2

Controlling

Question 3

• It allows the manager to know if the organizational goals are being met, and if not, the reasons why
• It empowers employees through feedback on employee performance
• It protects the organization and its assets

Answer 3

Importance of Controlling

Question 4

• Monitor and ensure that the organization’s performance is living up with the expectation of the management
• Correct below-standard conditions and bring results up to expectations

Answer 4

Roles of Supervisors

Question 5

Types of Control

Answer 5

1. Feedforward Control
2. Concurrent Control
3. Feedback Control

Question 6

• AKA pre-action control
• Focuses on operations before they begin
• Serves as the preventive measure of the organization on its anticipated problems

Answer 6

Feedforward Control

Question 7

• Enacted while work is being performed
• Includes any type of guiding mechanism such as:
  1. Direct supervision
• “Management by walking around”
  3. Automated systems
  4. Organizational quality programs

Answer 7

Concurrent Control

Question 8

• AKA post-action control
• Disadvantage: the problem has already occurred, meaning that there is already damage/waste
• Advantages:
• Provides meaningful information on how effective the planning efforts were

Answer 8

Feedback Control

Question 9

Control Process

Answer 9

Step 1: Measuring Actual Performance
Step 2: Comparing Actual Performance Against Standard
Step 3: Taking Managerial Action

Question 10

• Possible approaches
  1. Personal observations
  2. Statistical reports
  3. Oral reports
  4. Written reports
• Must include control criteria
  1. Time controls
  2. Financial controls
  3. Operation controls
  4. Material controls

Answer 10

Measuring actual performance

Question 11

Advantages:
* Get firsthand knowledge
* Information isn’t filtered
* Intensive coverage of work activities

Disadvantages:
* Subject to personal biases
* Time-consuming
* Obtrusive

Answer 11

Personal Observations

Question 12

Advantages:
* Easy to visualize
* Effective for showing relationships

Disadvantages:
* Provide limited information
* Ignore subjective factors

Answer 12

Statistical Reports

Question 13

Advantages:
* Fast way to get information
* Allow for verbal and nonverbal feedback

Disadvantages:
* Information is filtered
* Information can’t be documented

Answer 13

Oral Reports

Question 14

Advantages:
* Comprehensive
* Formal
* Easy to file and retrieve

Disadvantages:
* Take more time to prepare

Answer 14

Written Reports

Question 15

• Determines the variation between actual performance and the standard
• Acceptable range of variation
  1. The acceptable parameters of variance between AP and Std
  2. Excess variation will require managerial action

Answer 15

Comparing actual performance against the standard

Question 16

3 possible courses of action:
1. Do nothing
2. Correct actual performance
3. Revise the standards

Answer 16

Taking managerial action

Question 17

correct problems at one

Answer 17

Immediate corrective action

Question 18

investigate the cause first before correcting

Answer 18

Basic corrective action

Question 19

Used when standards are unrealistic

Answer 19

Revise the standards