5

Question 1

Who discovered that dna was the transforming principle

Answer 1

Oswald avery, maclyn mcarty, colin macleoud

Question 2

Chargaffs rule states that

Answer 2

A=T and G=C

Question 3

Which scientist produced photo 51

Answer 3

Rosalind franklin

Question 4

A purine is a

Answer 4

Double-ring base

Question 5

Which bond holds complementary bonds together

Answer 5

Hydrogen

Question 6

Which base pairs with guanine

Answer 6

Cytosine

Question 7

DNA strands run in two opposite directions meaning they are

Answer 7

Antiparralel

Question 8

In dna replication, bew nucleotides are added to which end of a growing strand

Answer 8

3” end

Question 9

The lagging strand is synthesized

Answer 9

In fragments

Question 10

In eykaryotes, dna weaps around proteins called

Answer 10

Histones

Question 11

Mutation caused by UV light leading to thymine diners is repaired by

Answer 11

Nucleotide excision repair

Question 12

A defective ligase enzyme would result in

Answer 12

Unsealed nicks in DNA backbone

Question 13

In cancer cells, telomerase activity is

Answer 13

Increased

Question 14

After hershey and chase used radioactive sulfur and phosphorus, radioactivity was found in 32p- labeled phages but not after 355 labeled phages, what did they conclude

Answer 14

DNA not peotein enters the cell and acts as genetic material

Question 15

You compare genomes of different species A/T and G/C rations

Answer 15

Chargaffs

Question 16

Given a diagram of DNA with 20 guanine, what percentage is adenine

Answer 16

30%

Question 17

Analysis shows a cells okazaki fragments accumulate but never joined, which enzyme is defective

Answer 17

Dna ligase

Question 18

In a cells single stranded binding proteins are dysfunctional, what will happen during

Answer 18

Seperated strands will reanneal too soon

Question 19

A genome is sequenced using chain termination method, what reagent is critial to fragments of different lengths

Answer 19

Dideoxynucleotides

Question 20

A chrimosome has 3” overhands that shortens rapidly as cells divide. What role does this short

Answer 20

Loss of telomere repeats limits cell division

Question 21

You are given data showing an increased rate of spontaneous point mutations. Which repair is damage

Answer 21

Mismatch repair

Question 22

If an inherited disease is caused by continuous shortening at chrokosome ends after multiple

Answer 22

Telomerase

Question 23

Analysis shows a cells okazaki fragments accumulate but are never joined

Answer 23

Dna ligase

Question 24

In a cells stranded binding points are dysfunctional, what will happen

Answer 24

Seperated strands will reanneal too soon

Question 25

A genome is sequenced using chain termination. What method to ude

Answer 25

Dideoxynucleotides

Question 26

A chromosome has 3” overhangs that shortens rapidly as cells divide

Answer 26

Loss of telomere repeats linits cell division

Question 27

Increased rate of spontaneous point mutations

Answer 27

Mismatch repair

Question 28

If an inherited disease is caused by continuous shortening at chromosome ends, which enzyme is limited

Answer 28

Telomerase

Question 29

If a point mutation alters a genes promoter region, what will modt likely be the effect on gene

Answer 29

RNA polymerase cannot bind reducing transcription

Question 30

You observe an mRNA strand that cannot be translated by ribosomes. Which structure is pro

Answer 30

5”cap or leader sequence

Question 31

In a patients cells, a class of mRNA synthesis is nonfunctional

Answer 31

Amino acids would not be charged onto tRNA

Question 32

In a sickle cell anemia a point mutation causes a single amino acid substitution

Answer 32

Missense mutation

Question 33

Data show a jigh frequency of ribosomes on a single mRNA strand

Answer 33

Rapid and simultaneous synthesis of many polypeptides

Question 34

If a researcher blocks the addition of a poly A tail and o pre mRNA predict the effect

Answer 34

mRNA will degrade faster reducing translation

Question 35

Genetic code redundancy is benefitual because

Answer 35

It can buffer against buffer mutations

Question 36

A mutant ribosome cannot move along mRNA

Answer 36

Translation initiation occurs, but no elongation or termination

Question 37

Which part of the tRNA is responsible for recognizing the correct mRNA codon

Answer 37

Anticodon loop

Question 38

Transcription produces

Answer 38

mRNA

Question 39

translation produces

Answer 39

Protein

Question 40

The enzyme responsible for transcription

Answer 40

RNA polymerase

Question 41

The TATA box is found in

Answer 41

Eukaryotic promoters

Question 42

The 5” cap functions to

Answer 42

Prevent degradation and help transmission

Question 43

The start codon aAug Codes for

Answer 43

Methoonine

Question 44

The ribosonal subunits in eukaryotes are

Answer 44

40S and 60S

Question 45

The function of chaperone proteins id to

Answer 45

Assist in protein folding

Question 46

A nonsense mutation results in

Answer 46

Stop codon formation

Question 47

If an mRNA reading frame is shifted by one base due to insertion

Answer 47

Frameshift mutation and aberrant protein