5.1

Question 1

What is the difference b/w the internet + WWW?

Answer 1

• Internet is the global connection of interconnected computer networks
• WWW is a collection of interlinked, hypertext documents or webpages or multimedia resources stored on websites

Question 2

What is URL(Unifrom resource locator)?

Answer 2

• Text-based address for a web-page
• contains domain name, protocol used, and file name
• it is the website address that is typed into the browsers address bar used to access websites
• it directs a browser to a specific page online called a web page

Question 3

What does website address consist of?

Answer 3

• Domain host - WWW
• DOMAIN NAME - Website name
• Domain type - .com, .org, etc
• Country code - .pk, etc

Question 4

Define HTTP(Hypertext transfer protocol)?

Answer 4

• A set of rules that must be obeyed when using the internet
• Used for communication b/w web browsers + web servers

Question 5

Define HTTPS

Answer 5

• It is a secure version of HTTP and often indicated by a padlock sign in the status bar.
• It means that the website uses SSL or TLS (secure sockets layer or transport layer security).

Question 6

Purpose behind Hyptertext markup-language(HTML)?

Answer 6

• used to create and develop webpages/websites (web authoring language).
• It uses both structure and presentation.

Question 7

Define and state purpose of web-browser.

Answer 7

• It is a software that renders the hypertext markup language (HTML) and display web pages.
• It translates the HTML code from websites and shows the result of translation (in the form of text, videos, images or sounds etc.).

Question 8

Functions/features of browsers?

Answer 8

• Allows use of multiple tabs
• Stores cookies
• Provides navigation tools
• Provides an address bar

Question 9

What is the role of browser when accessing the internet?

Answer 9

• It manages HTTP/HTTPs protocol.
• It stores cookies.
• It allows user to bookmark/favorite web pages.
• It provides navigation features.

Question 10

What is the role of browser in requesting and displaying the web pages for a website?

Answer 10

It sends request to the webserver.
It receives web pages back from the webserver.
It converts HTML to display the web page.
It manages protocols.

Question 11

Define DNS(Domain name Server)

Answer 11

• It is a system for finding IP addresses for a domain name given in a URL.
• It stores an index of URL and matching IP address.
• The DNS process involves converting a URL into an IP address the computer can understand

Question 12

how are Web Pages for a Website is requested and displayed on a user’s computer?

Answer 12

• The browser sends URL to DNS (domain name server) using HTTP/HTTPS.
• The DNS finds matching IP addresses for URL and sends IP address to web browser.
• The web browser sends request to IP address/web server for web pages.
• The web server sends web pages back to browser.

Question 13

What are cookies?

Answer 13

• small packets of data stored in a text file by a web browser which is downloaded to a user’s computer when a website is visited.
• It collects and stores key information and data regarding user preferences.

Question 14

2 types of cookies?

Answer 14

session cookies
2. persistent (or permanent) cookies

Question 15

What are session cookies?

Answer 15

• They are stored in temporary memory on the computer and don’t actually collect any information from the user’s computer and doesn’t personally identify a user.
• Session cookies are used, for example, when making online purchases.
• They keep a user’s items in a virtual shopping basket.

Question 16

What are persistent cookies?

Answer 16

• They are stored on the hard drive of a user’s computer until the expiry date is reached, or the user deletes it.
• Persistent cookies remember a user’s log in detail (so that they can authenticate the user’s browser).

Question 17

Advantages of persistent cookies?

Answer 17

• Remembering login details: Users can stay logged into websites across different visits without needing to re-enter their username and password each time
• Saving user preferences/settings: They allow websites to recall user-specific settings like dark mode theme, ensuring a consistent, personalized experience on return visits.

Question 18

What are uses of persistent cookies?

Answer 18

It is used to save personal details.
It is used to store login details.
It is used for tracking user preferences.
It is used to hold items in an online shopping cart.