6.cognitive explanations

Question 1

what did kohlberg propose for moral reasoning

Answer 1

that the quality of peoples judgement of right and wrong can be summarised by a stage theory of moral development

Question 2

what level is the moral reasoning of offenders at

Answer 2

pre conventional

Question 3

what are the 3 stages

Answer 3

-pre conventional
-conventional
-post conventional

Question 4

pre conventional

Answer 4

individual shows concern for self interest and external rewards and punsiments

Question 5

conventional

Answer 5

individuals does what is expected of them by others

Question 6

post conventional

Answer 6

individuals develop more autonomous decision making based on principles of right and wrong

Question 7

Neg of moral reasoning

Answer 7

level of moral reasoning may depend on the type of offence. thornton and reid found that individuals who committed crimes for financial gain, such as robbery were more likely to show pre conventional reasoning than those convicted of impulsive crimes , where no reasoning was evident

Question 8

what are cognitive distortions

Answer 8

an offenders biased thinking about their offence serves to help them lgitamise their behaviour and mainatin + views

Question 9

hostile attribution bias

Answer 9

when offenders misinterpret social cues and justify their actions by attributing the cause of their offence to their victim

Question 10

minimalistaion

Answer 10

when offenders justify their offence by downplaying the offence

Question 11

+

Answer 11

understanding the nature of cognitive distortions has proven beneficial in the treatment of criminal behaviour.

Question 12

-

Answer 12

hostile attribution bias can explain reactive aggressive behaviour better than pre medicated and planned aggression