situation selection
you choose what situation you wanna be in and which one you dont wanna be in
complementary needs theory
people are attracted to people that have opposing or just different personality dispositions than they do
attraction similarity theory
attracted to similar ppl
assortative mating
people tend to select mates that are similar to them
shyness
tendency to feel tense, anxious, worried during a social interaction
evocation
the ways in which features of personality elicit reactions from others. so how you make ppl feel when showing ur personality traits
hostile attribution bias
when you’re hostile towards someone because their behavior is being shady and unclear
expectancy confirmation or self-fulfilling prophecy
so like with the hostility study, does this mean that it makes you act more aggressive and you trick yourself into thinking they are also the ones being that way? or does it only apply when you ducessfully make a person act that way?
when you have a certain belief about someones personality characteristics, so you evoke actions within them that make them act that certain way so it can be consistent with your initial belief.
manipulation
all the ways in which people intentionally try to use tactics to change someone’s natural behavior.
taxonomy
a simple way to classify things.
- identification and naming of groups within a certain subject
for example the periodic table is a taxonomy for elements. we got
plant and animal names and such.
gender differences in tactics of manipulation
men and women are equal except that women use the regression tactic, when they pout and cry and whine to get their way.
personality predictors of tactics of manipulation
go over dis one
- extraverts tend to use coercion (demanding, threatening, cursing) orrrr they use charm techniques
- low dominant : self abasement (lower yoursekf to get ppl to do what u want
- highly agreeable ppl: pleasure induction and reason
high conscientious ppl just use reasoning cuz they are more morally correct - low conscientious ppl use lower moral standards like criminal tactics
- ## ppl high in intellect also reasoning
evocation for expectancy
- maybe a personality that is more agreeable could inspire other person to be like that too. so when u think someone is more agreeable you sort of try and get em to act like tht
how does self fulfilling prophecy affect partner selection
if i assume this person is emotionally unstable and i act that way towards them, theyd probably be mean to me and i would trick myself into being like se i knew it
gender differences
- women were seen to have better language ability and men said to be more mathematical and spatially smart
are gender differences relevant or not
minimal view: sex differences are not gender influenced
maximalist view: differences should not be trivialized
5 factor model and how different personalities are seen in men and women
- extraversion :
- agreeableness: d score is -0.2 which means women are higher than men
- aggressiveness: men 0.84 so higher than women
- conscientiousness higher for women but not too far off
- women are moderately emotionally more unstable than men
the higher u score the more instability u have
masculinity dimension
femininity dimension
endogenous dimension
- assirtiveness, dominance
- -
criticism on the dimensions
- first ppl thought you had to be one or the other but you can actually be both so they added endogenous dimensions
criticism on the dimensions of genders
- first ppl thought you had to be one or the other but you can actually be both so they added endogenous dimensions
gender stereotypes 3 components
- cognitive: we form social categories for it e.g we can divide women into quiet
hormonal theory
all personality traits lead to men and women having different hormones (ex guys are more aggressive cuz they have more testosterone)
limitation: behavior can also influence hormones
evolutionary psych theory
- everyone has to face adaptive problem (problem needs to be solved in order to survive)
- example women have to reproduce. it is harder for them so their adaptive problem is pulling through with pregnancy
transmitted culture
some culture idea that started in someones head and just spread so theres no real deep meaning behind it but its just cultural
ex: moral values and norms or people that are vegetarian or vegan
