ABG

Question 1

Delta ratio

Answer 1

Anion gap -12/ 24 - HCO3

Question 2

Expected CO2 in Acidosis
(Winters formula)

Answer 2

(1.5xHCO3)+8

Question 3

Effect of acidosis on Potassium K

Answer 3

For every 0.1 ↓ in pH, serum K⁺ ↑ by ~0.6 mmol/L (general physiology, not VBG‑specific)

Question 4

Corrected Sodium:

Answer 4

Measured Na + (Glucose +5/3)

Question 5

Serum osmolality

Answer 5

Osmolality = 2 x (serum sodium + serum potassium) + glucose + urea

Question 6

Corrected sodium

Answer 6

=measured sodium + 0.4 x (glucose – 5.5) mmol/L

ie 3 mmol/L sodium to be added for every 10 mmol/L of glucose above 5.5 mmol/L